广东省珠海一中2011届高三下学期第一次调研测试英语

广东省珠海一中2011届高三第二学期第一次调研测试

英语试题 2011-2-22

I. 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify with a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 1 of that parent. The things parents do and say — and the 2 they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child's 3 .However, parents must consistently behave like the type of 4 they want their child to become.

A parent's actions 5 affect the self-image that a child forms through identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 6 will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 7 qualities in their parents will have difficulty seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may 8 their self-image; however, as they become increasingly 9 by peers’ group standards before they reach 13.

Isolated events, even dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent 10 on a child's behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, 11 , accept the divorce of their parent's or a parents early 12 .But if children feel unloved; they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or punishment.

In the same way, all children are not influenced 13 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. 14 in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the 15

1. A. informed B. characteristic C. conceived D. indicative

2. A. gesture B. expression C. way D. extent

3. A. behavior B. words C. mood D. reactions

4. A. person B. humans C. creatures D. adult

5. A. in turn B. nevertheless C. also D. as a result

6. A. eyes B. parents C. peers D. behaviors

7. A. negative B. cheerful C. various D. complex

8. A. modify B. copy C. give up D. continue

9. A. mature B. influenced C. unique D. independent

10. A. idea B. wonder C. stamp D. effect

11. A. luckily B. for example C. at most D. theoretically

12. A. death B. rewards C. advice D. teaching

13. A. even B. at all C. alike D. as a whole

14. A. Oh B. Alas C. Right D. As

15. A. result B. effect C. scale D. Cause

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。

With the 16____________ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 17___________ air pollution.

Air pollution is caused by the following 18_________: about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off 19__________(poison) gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. Smoking not only does harm to their health 20__________ to others. 21_________ these, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons.

We should take some measures to fight 22____________ pollution. New fuel can be used to take 23___________ place of gas. We can plant more trees. If everybody realizes the 24___________(important) of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 25____________ (solve).

II阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Philip was a nine-year-old boy in a Sunday school class of 8-year-old girls and boys. Sometimes the third graders didn’t welcome Philip into their group and usually tricked him. This was not because he was older, but because he was “different”. You see, Philip suffered from a condition called Downs’s Syndrome. This made him “different”, with its facial characteristics, slow responses and mental problems.

One Sunday after Easter, the Sunday school teacher gathered some plastic eggs that pulled apart in the middle. The teacher gave one to each child. On that beautiful spring day, the children were to go out and discover for themselves some symbol of “new life” and place it inside the plastic eggs.

After the children returned to the classroom, the teacher opened their eggs one by one, asking each child to explain that symbol of “new life”. The first opened egg contained a flower. Everyone cheered. In another was a butterfly…. When the teacher opened the last egg, it was empty. “That’s stupid,” said someone. The teacher felt a pull at his shirt. It was Philip. Looking up, Philip said, “It’s mine. I did it. It’s empty. I have new life, because the tomb is empty.” Not a sound was heard in class at all. From that day on, Philip became a real part of the group. They welcomed him, and whatever made him different was never mentioned again.

Philip’s family knew he wouldn’t live a long life, for there were too many things wrong with him.

26. The underlined word “condition” in the 1st paragraph probably means __________.

A. grade B. status C. health D. disease

27. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ___________________.

the 8-year-olds were sometimes cruel. B. The 8-year-olds were friendly to Philip.

C. Philip was really different in school. D. Philip was older and more sensitive.

28. The teacher gave each child one plastic egg to let them _______________.

play around on that beautiful spring day. B. put some symbol of “new life” into it.

try to pull it apart in the middle. D. go out and discover themselves.

29. After Philip explained his new life, _____________________.

the class thought he was clever. B. The class fell silent.

C. He began to study in the class. D. He felt dying.

30. We learn from the passage that ___________________________.

the teacher used to have classes outdoors B. The Philip’s new life wish was empty

C. Philip was healthy as a whole.

D. Philip was accepted by his classmates in the end

B

Crippling health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily.

Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.

A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries（老年医保受惠人）. The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total of seven doctors—two primary care physicians and five specialists — in a given year. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don’t guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.

How did we let primary care slip so far? The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he’s reimbursed . Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient’s disease. Combine this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.

Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.

Medical students are not blind to this scenario. They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U.S. medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.

How do we fix this problem?

It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.

We’re at a point where primary care is needed more than ever. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomers will become eligible for Medicare. Patients older than 85, who need chronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade.

Who will be there to treat them?

31. The author’s chief concern about the current U.S. health care system is __________.

A) the inadequate training of physicians

B) the declining number of doctors

C) the shrinking primary care resources

D) the ever-rising health care costs

32. We learn from the passage that people tend to believe that __________.

A) the more costly the medicine, the more effective the cure

B) seeing more doctors may result in more diagnostic errors

C) visiting doctors on a regular basis ensures good health

D) the more doctors taking care of a patient, the better

33. Faced with the government threats to cut reimbursements indiscriminately, primary care physicians have to __________ .

A) increase their income by working overtime

B) improve their expertise and service

C) make various deals with specialists

D) see more patients at the expense of quality

34. Why do many new medical graduates refuse to choose primary care as their career?

A) They find the need for primary care declining.

B) The current system works against primary care.

C) Primary care physicians command less respect.

D) They think working in emergency rooms tedious.

35. What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care?

A) Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary care physicians.

B) Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.

C) Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.

D) Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as their major.

C

Every day，it is easy to see advertisements in English all around us．Look at your own bags and clothes，and at the bags and clothes of your classmates． How many different advertisements can you see which use English words?

Often bags and clothes show the name of the company that made them．This is a popular form．A special picture or symbol called a logo is sometimes used．Logos appear on many different products．They are popular because when you see a logo，it is hard to forget that product or company．

It is common to see advertisements on TV and hear them on the radio．Most advertisements are very short．Sometimes the advertisers use a short sentence which is easy for people to say and remember．Nike，for example，has a simple English sentence which is used all around the world：“Just do it．”Advertisements often use funny situations as well． It is simple to remember it．

All advertisements are designed to make people buy a product．An advertisement for a soft drink，for example，might show a group of young people who are having fun．The young people are all drinking the soft drink．Advertisers are saying to you，“Why don’t you buy this drink and be like these people? You can be young and modern”

You might think that advertisements are not after you，but the next time you buy a soft drink，ask yourself this question：Why am I buying this particular product?

36．Which of the following is true?

A．all the advertisements around us are written in English

B．many bags have the name of the company that made them

C．having soft drinks makes a person young and modern

D．advertisements are only after young people

37．A good logo is ．

A．the one which is easy to remember B．a useful product

C．difficult to understand D．easy to buy

38．People are most likely to remember an advertisement that is ．

A．in English B．long C．funny D．famous

39．All advertisements are designed to ．

A．sell you something you don’t want

B．make you young and modern

C．make you buy the product

D．show you what you need to buy

40．The best title of this passage may be ．

A．Advertisements for Bags and Clothes

B．Advertisements on TV and Radio

C．Advertisements About Sports

D．Advertisements Around Us

D

Since the dawn of human ingenuity（足智多谋）, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics -- the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.

As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.

But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves -- goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can’t yet give a robot enough ‘common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”

Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor （结晶体）circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.

What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented -- and human perception far more complicated -- than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.

41. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in ________.

A. the use of machines to produce science fiction

B .the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry

C. the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work

D. the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work

42. The word “gizmos” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means ________.

A. programs

B. experts

C. devices

D. creatures

43. According to the text, what is beyond man’s ability now is to design a robot that can ________.

A. fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery

B. interact with human beings verbally

C. have a little common sense

D. respond independently to a changing world

44. Besides reducing human labor, robots can also ________.

A. make a few decisions for themselves

B. deal with some errors with human intervention

C. improve factory environments

D. cultivate human creativity

45. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are ________.

A. expected to copy human brain in internal structure

B. able to perceive abnormalities immediately

C. far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information

D. best used in a controlled environment

第二节: 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请将答案填写在答题卷标号为46-50的相应位置上。

下面是一篇应用文及其应用场合的信息，请阅读下列应用文和相关信息。

This is a page from a college information handbook. It tells you where you can find

various college services and facilities (设施) in the main college block.

A.?Student Services Centre (Careers Room 113)

The staff members are available to advise on career choice and applications for higher education.

B. Accommodation Office (Room 114) ?

Mrs. Wardle is available each afternoon from 1:30 to 4:30 to help students with problems relating to housing.

C. Medical Room (Room 115)

Mrs. Wright, the college nurse, is available each morning from 9:30 to 10:00 am. The college doctor is in attendance on Wednesday mornings. All kinds of medicines are sold here and cheaper than in the downtown.

D. Sports Office (Room 207)

Mrs. Murie can provide information about sporting and keep-fit activities. She has been teaching kick-boxing in the gymnasium.

E. Food Service (Room 127)

Mr. Nunn is the manager of the Food Service and will do his best to help if you require a special diet.

F. Library (Room 215)

There are various books and reference materials about literature, art, math, etc. Besides books , there are photo-copying, video, audio-visual and computing facilities.

请阅读以下学生的有关信息，然后匹配学生和他/她需要找的服务部门(室)：

46. Jack Anderson is a foreign student majoring in medicine. The food of the college

restaurant isn't fit for him.

47. Peter Florian is fond of sports. Unfortunately, he had his leg broken on the

playground this morning.

48. Lynne Nagata, a new student whose family is far from the college, fails to find a

place to live in.

49. Alice Fingelhamm is going to graduate next year. She is preparing her thesis（毕

业论文）and has to refer to lots of information about it.

50. Margaret Lillian studies at the department of computer science. She would like to

have further study after graduation.

III 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节? 基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）

你的英语老师拟定下个星期的英语角活动内容为“当你面对困难和挫折（frustration）

的时候”，要求每个同学在本星期五之前写一篇英文短文，扼要谈谈对待困难和挫折的

态度。

1．每个人都会遇到许许多多、各种各样的困难和挫折；

2．每个人对待困难和挫折的态度不同，乐观者会冷静地找出原因，然后想法解决问题；

悲观者后悔、抱怨、甚至放弃；

3．遇到困难和挫折时，要说“太好了！” 因为你抓住了锻炼自己的机会。看到他人收

到挫折时，应该说“你有困难吗？让我来帮助你吧！”

只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。

? 读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，然后按照要求写一篇150 词左右的英语文章。

Perhaps you don’t know your school principal very well．But you might be wise to take him

or her seriously．Peking University will enroll students recommended by high principals this year．November 16, 2009 Peking University released a list of 39 high school principals in 10 provinces who have the chance to recommend students．If the students recommended pass a round

of interviews by Peking University, they will have an extra 30 points added to their national college entrance exam scores if they apply to the university after the exam．Peking University said the reason behind the move was a desire to give students with comprehensive and special abilities a chance to stand out．

However, a survey conducted by leading Chinese portal sina．com showed 10046 out of 14227 people surveyed were against the new idea．Most said the recommendations were unfair on

other students．Xue Yong, a Peking University alumni who is now an assistant professor at Suffolk

University told the Qianjiang Evening News the experiment could be dangerous if it is abused．But Qu Jun, former deputy director of Shanghai municipal education commission, said the experiment represents much needed changed to the existing university entrance system, which has been criticized for many years．

【写作内容】

1．以约30概括以上短文的内容要点；

2．以约120个词，就“北