高考英语短文改错疯狂专训及答案解析(16页)

疯狂专练十七短文改错专训

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

passage1

Tina, 14, is hard-working student. She studies hard, follows the rules at school, and do whatever her parents, teachers and even friend tell her to do. She seems to be used to say “yes” to everything. But Tina is not always happy about this. “Sometimes her friends invite me to do something together, but I’ve got the other plans already,” Tina said. “And sometimes people ask too much favors from me. For example, every day a student is in duty to keep the classroom clean, and there is one girl whom always wants to change shifts (轮班) with me. I don’t feel like helping her, because I just cannot say no.” “I wish I could change,” Tina thought to herself.

passage2

Noah Webster, a teacher which graduated from Yale University in 1778, once fought against the British in the American War of Independence. He felt that writing

English in the newly independent United States should have distinctive “American” look.

His first book, The Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplify the spelling of English words. The book was extreme popular. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making them one of the most popular school books ever.

What’s more, Webster is best know for his American Dictionary of the English Language, which first was appeared in 1828. Today, it was still the number one dictionaries for American students.

passage3

Oseola McCarty spent more than 75 years washing and iron other people’s clothes. Like a laundry woman, she was paid only a few dollar each time. Certainly nobody would consider her rich, but they were all amazed when Miss McCarty decided to donate $ 150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi. She could save such large amount of money because of she lived a very simple life. She never learned to drive, and when she wanted to go somewhere, she just walked. She never flies to anywhere till the donation. Her donation was for students who clear needed financial help. He left school in the sixth grade and never got married or had children. She said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebody’s child go to college gave her many pleasure.

passage4

On July 18, I, together with my parents, leave for Qinhuangdao at six, which were about 100 kilometers away. As my father was not familiar with the route, so it took us one and a half hours arrive. We first went to the botanical garden, where there were

variously kinds of flowers and plants. At ten o’clock, we set off to pay a visit for the Great Wall in Laolongtou, where we could see the sights of the Bohai Sea. Touching by the great building, we stayed on the Great Wall to appreciate it for a long time. In the afternoon, we arrived in Yansaihu, which scenery impressed me greatly. They returned at four o’clock, laughing and talking. Tired and happy, we arrived home safe and sound.

passage5

Simon’s father bought him the new bike the day before yesterday, which made him very exciting. Then he began to ride it fast on the road. Seeing a man getting closely to him, Simon cou ldn’t stop it and as a result, he knock into the man. Being very kind, so the man didn’t scold him at all. Instead, he told him how dangerously it was to ride a bike so fast. He asked him to keep the lesson in mind. Simon felt regretful but ashamed. He promised keep the lesson in mind forever. Then, the man bent on and began to repair his bike. After a while, he got them repaired. Simon was greatly moved. He thanked the man and left happily.

passage6

My grandparents had a small farm, that they grew crops and vegetables. They also raised dozen of hens and cocks, which were kept, in an area surrounded by a fence for protect. However, there were always several chickens escaped through the fence, wandering freely in the fields.

Last spring, I visited to my grand parents’ farm and play near the wheat field. Suddenly I caught amazing sight: a hen was walking past, following by five chicks! No one knew where and when the hen hatched his little kids. My grandma was happy and hurried prepared a new home for the mother and the children.

passage7

In recent years, the fish population in the ocean has been facing with a severe situation with the quantity of fish and their species drop sharply.

It is human behavior which is to blame. Industrial and agriculture waste such as chemicals and oil is poured into the ocean. What’s the worse, over fishing destroys the balance of life in the ocean. To handle this situation, the government should make laws but punish those who break the law. Besides, over fishing should be strict banned. Also, many fisherman can take other jobs so that there have less people living on fishing.

Only by taking these measures we eventually preserve fishing resources.

答案与解析

passage1

【答案】

1. hard-working前加a

2. do→does

3. friend→friends

4. say→saying

5. her→my

6. 去掉the other的the

7. much→many

8. in→on

9. whom→who

10. because→but

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了好好女孩蒂娜的烦恼——不会拒绝别人。

第一处：考查冠词。句意：14岁的蒂娜是一个勤奋的学生。student是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故在hard-working前加a。

第二处：考查主谓一致。句意：她努力学习，遵守学校的规定，做父母、老师甚至朋友让她做的任何事情。主语为“She”，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故do改为does。

第三处：考查名词复数。句意同上，friend是可数名词，此处表示不止一个朋友，用可数名词复数表泛指，故friend改为friends。

第四处：考查非谓语动词。句意：她似乎习惯于对一切都说“是”。be used to

doing表示“习惯于做某事”，故say改为saying。

第五处：考查代词。句意：蒂娜说：“有时我的朋友邀请我一起做些事情，但我已经有其他的计划了”。根据句意可知此处表示“我的”，故her改为my。

第六处：考查the other与other的区别。句意同上，the other表示“两者中的另一个”，other表示“其他的”，故去掉other前的the。

第七处：考查too much与too many的区别。句意：有时人们向我要求太多的帮助。too much修饰不可数名词，too many修饰可数名词复数，修饰的是“favors”，故much改为many。

第八处：考查介词。句意：每天都有一个学生负责保持教室整洁，有一个女孩总是想和我换班。be on duty表示“值日”，故in改为on。

第九处：考查定语从句。句意同上，此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词“one girl”并在从句中作主语，故whom改为who。

第十处：考查连词。句意：我不想帮她，但我就是不会拒绝。根据句意可知前后是转折而非因果关系，故because改为but。

passage2

【答案】

1. which→that/who

2. writing→written

3. have后加a

4. simplify→ simplifying

5. extreme→extremely

6. them→it

7. know→known

8.去掉was

9. was→is

10. dictionaries→dictionary

【解析】这是一篇人物传记。短文介绍了诺亚·韦伯斯特和他的字典。

第一处：考查关系代词。分析句子可知，“a teacher”为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为that/who。故将which改成that/who。

第二处：考查形容词。written“书面的”为形容词修饰名词“English”。故将writing改成written。

第三处：考查冠词。表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“a／an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。distinctive首字母的发音为辅音音素,所以冠词为a。故have后加a。

第四处：考查动名词。sugge st doing sth.“建议做某事”为固定短语。故将simplify改成simplifying。

第五处：考查副词。extremely为副词修饰形容词popular。故将extreme改成extremely。

第六处：考查代词。分析句子可知，“make”后面的宾语指的是“ The Elementary Spelling Book”，所以代词为it。故将them改成it。

第七处：考查固定短语。be known for“因......而出名”为固定短语。故将know 改成known。

第八处：考查不及物动词。appear为不及物动词,没有被动形式。故去掉was。

第九处：考查一般现在时。由“Today”可知，本句为一般现在时。故将was 改成is。

第十处：考查名词。one后接单数名词dictionary。故将dictionaries改成dictionary。

passage3

【答案】

1. iron→ironing

2. Like→As

3. dollar→dollars

4. but→so

5. such后加a

6. because of的of去掉

7. flies→flew

8. clear→clearly

9. He→She

10. many→much

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一位洗衣女工向南密西西比大学捐款15万美元的故事。

1.考查非谓语动词。句意：奥古拉·麦卡蒂花了超过75年的时间为别人洗衣服和熨衣服。短语spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”后跟v-ing形式，故iron 改为ironing。

2.考查介词。句意：作为一名洗衣女工，她每次的工资只有几美元。表示“作为；以……的身份”应用介词as。故Like改为As。

3.考查名词的数。dollar为可数名词，由a few修饰应用复数形式dollars。故把dollar改为dollars。

4.考查连词。句意：当然，没有人会认为她富有，所以当麦卡蒂小姐决定向南密西西比大学捐款15万美元时，他们都很惊讶。根据语境上下文为因果关系，故but改为so。

5.考查冠词。句意：她可以节省这么一大笔钱，是因为她过着非常简朴的生活。短语a large amount of“大量；许多”，故such后添加a。

6.考查介词。此处连接原因状语从句，应用连词because。故去掉of。

7.考查动词时态。句意：在捐款之前，她从未坐飞机去任何地方。根据全文描述，可知是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故flies改为flew。

8.考查副词。句意：她的捐款是给那些明显需要经济帮助的学生的。修饰动词“need”用副词，故clear改为clearly。

9.考查人称代词。句意：她六年级就辍学了，从未结过婚，也没有孩子。此处指代Oseola McCarty洗衣女工应用she。故He改为She。

10.考查形容词。句意：她对记者说，帮助别人的孩子上大学给了她很多乐趣。pleasure为不可数名词，应用much修饰，故many改为much。

passage4

【答案】

On July 18, I, together with my parents, leave for Qinhuangdao at six, which w e r e a b o u t100k i l o m e t e r s a w a y.A s

left

was

my father was not familiar with the route, so it took us one and a half hours ? arrive. W e f i r s t w e n t t o t h e b o t a n i c a l

to

garden, where there were variously kinds of flowers and plants. At ten o’clock, we set off to pay a visit for the Great

various

to

Wall in Laolongtou, where we could see the sights of the Bohai Sea. Touching by the great building, we stayed on the

Touched

Great Wall to appreciate it for a long time. In the afternoon, we arrived in Yansaihu, which scenery impressed me greatly.

whose

They returned at four o’clock, laughing and talking. Tired and happy, we arrived home safe and sound.

We but

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者一家去秦皇岛游玩的经历。

第一处：考查时态。“On July 18”，过去的时间状语，谓语动词应用一般过去时，故将谓语动词leave改成left。

第二处：考查主谓一致。“which”引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子，从句谓语动词应用单数，故将were改成was。

第三处：考查连词。“As”在这里引导原因状语从句，主句中不能再用so引导，故将so去掉。

第四处：考查固定句型。It takes sb. some time to do…，故arrive前加to。

第五处：考查形容词。这里的“variously”用来修饰“kinds”做定语，修饰名词作定语用形容词，故将variously改为various。

第六处：考查固定短语。pay a visi t to… 固定短语“参观某地，拜访某人”，故将for改为to。

第七处：考查非谓语动词。“Touching by the great building”在句中做伴随状语，“touching”和主语“we”是被动关系，是过去分词作状语，故将touching改为touched。

第八处：考查定语从句。“which scenery impressed me greatly”在本句中为非限制性定语从句，这里的关系代词既指地点“Yansaihu”，又是后面从句中主语的所有格形式，Yansaihu的风景，故将which改为whose。

第九处：考查代词。全文都在以第一人称“we”来叙述我们的经历，本句的主语应该表述的是“我们在四点钟返回，边笑边谈论”，故将they改为we。

第十处：考查连词。“Tired”和“happy”构成转折关系，故将and改为but。

passage5

【答案】

1. the →a

2. exciting →excited

3. closely → close

4. knock →knocked

5. 去掉so

6. dangerously →dangerous

7. but →and

8. promised 后加to

9. on →down

10. them →it

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了西蒙骑着爸爸新买给他的自行车撞到了人，那个人不但没有责骂他而且给他修车的故事。

第一处：考查冠词。句意：西蒙的父亲前天给他买了一辆新自行车，这让他很兴奋。“bike”在文中第一次出现，应该用不定冠词表泛指，故the 改为a。

第二处：考查形容词。句意参考上题解析，修饰人用ed结尾的形容词，表示“感到……的”，故exciting 改为excited。

第三处：考查形容词。句意：西蒙眼看着一个人离他越来越近，但他无法把车子停下来。get/be close to表示“靠近”，故closely 改为close。

第四处：考查时态。句意：结果，他撞到了那个人。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故knock 改为knocked。

第五处：考查连词。句意：这个人很好，根本没有骂他。此处为现在分词作状语，不需要连词，so是多余的，故删掉so。

第六处：考查形容词。句意：相反，他告诉西蒙自行车骑这么快有多危险。此处为it is+adj+to do结构，故dangerously 改为dangerous。

第七处：考查连词。句意：西蒙感到后悔和羞愧。“regretful”和“ashamed”之间是并列而非转折关系，故but 改为and。

第八处：考查不定式。句意：他承诺永远牢记这一教训。promise to do表示“承诺做某事”，故promised 后加to。

第九处：考查固定短语。句意：然后，这个人弯下腰开始修理他的自行车。bent down表示“弯下腰”，故on改为down。

第十处：考查代词。句意：过了一会儿，他把它修好了。此处指代“Simon’s

bike”，故them 改为it。

passage6

【答案】

1. that→where

2. dozen→dozens

3. protect→protecting

4. escaped→escaping

5. 去掉to

6. play→played

7. amazing前面加an

8. following→followed

9. his→her/its

10. hurried→hurriedly

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者去祖父母家的农场玩耍，看到母鸡和孵出的小鸡的故事。

1.考查定语从句连接词。句意：我的祖父母有一个小农场，他们在那里种植庄稼和蔬菜。本句为定语从句修饰先行词“farm”，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where，故that改为where。

2.考查固定搭配。句意：他们还饲养了几十只母鸡和公鸡，这些母鸡和公鸡被养在一个用栅栏围起来的地方，以保护它们的安全。短语dozens of“几十个”，故dozen改为dozens。

3.考查非谓语动词。for为介词，后跟动名词做宾语，故protect改为protecting。

4.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，总是有几只鸡从篱笆里逃出来，在田野里

自由地游荡。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故“escape”只能做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语“chickens”构成主谓关系用现在分词，故escaped改为escaping。

5.考查固定用法。句意：去年春天，我去了祖父母的农场，在麦田附近玩耍。visit为及物动词可以直接跟宾语，故去掉to。

6.考查冠词。句意：突然我看到惊人的一幕：一只母鸡走过，后面跟着五只小鸡! “sight”为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一幕”故需要不定冠词，且“amazing”为元音音素开头的单词，故在amazing前面加an。

7.考查动词时态。根据上文并列谓语“visited”可知应用一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，故play改为played。

8. 考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故“follow”只能做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语“a hen”构成被动关系，用过去分词，故following 改为followed。

9. 考查形容词物主代词。句意：没有人知道这只母鸡何时何地孵出了她的/它的幼崽。根据句意可知是母鸡，故his改为her或its。

10.考查副词。句意：奶奶很高兴，急忙为鸡妈妈和小鸡崽们准备了一个新家。修饰动词“prepare”应用副词，故hurried改为hurriedly。

passage7

【答案】

1. facing→faced或删去with

2. drop→dropping

3. which→that

4. agriculture→ agricultural

5.删去what’s the worse中的the

6. but→ and

7. strict→strictly

8. fisherman→fishermen

9. have→are

10.we前加can/will

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类活动对渔业的影响以及我们保护渔业资源应该采取的措施。

第一处：考查face的用法。句意：近年来，海洋鱼类面临着严峻的形势，其数量和种类急剧下降。be faced with表示“面临”，所以facing改为faced；此处还有一种改法，face作及物动词，后面直接接宾语，所以去掉with。故facing 改为faced或删去with。

第二处：考查非谓语动词。句意同上，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，“quantity of fish and their species” 与“drop”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作宾补，故drop改为dropping。

第三处：考查强调句型。句意：人类的行为应该受到责备。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句型，其基本结构为it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分，本句强调的是主语“human behavior”，故which改为that。

第四处：考查形容词。句意：工业和农业废物，如化学品和石油，被倒入海洋。修饰名词waste用形容词，故agriculture改为agricultural。

第五处：考查冠词。句意：更糟的是，过度捕捞破坏了海洋生物的平衡。What’s worse表示“更糟糕的是”，the是多余的，故删掉what’s the worse中的the。

第六处：考查连词。句意：为了应对这种情况，政府应该制定法律，惩罚那些违反法律的人。根据句意可知前后是顺承而非转折关系，故but改为and。

第七处：考查副词。句意：此外，过度捕捞应该严令禁止。修饰动词banned 用副词，故strict改为strictly。

第八处：考查名词复数。句意：此外，许多渔民可以从事别的工作，这样就有更少的人以捕鱼为生。many修饰可数名词复数，故fisherman改为fishermen。