Section III Part B（每题2分，共10分）Directions： Read the following text carefully and then
translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your
translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET
2.（10 points）
The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers
for many centuries.
（61） The Greeks assumed that the
structure of language had some connection with the process of
thought， which took root in Europe long before people
realized how diverse languages could be. Only recently did
linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very
different from their own. Two anthropologist -linguists，
Franz Boas Edward Sapir， were pioneers in describing many
native languages of North and South America during the first
half of the twentieth century.
(62） We are obliged to them because some of these languages
have since vanished， as the peoples who spoke them died out
or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other
linguists in the earlier part of this century， however， who
were less eager to deal with bizarre data from exotic language，
were not always so grateful.
（63） The newly described languages were often so strikingly
different from the well studied languages of Europe and
Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and
Sapir of fabricating their data Native American languages
are indeed different， so much so in fact that Navajo could
be used by the US military as a code during World War II to
send secret messages.
Sapis‘s pupil， Benjamin Lee Whorf， continued the study of
American Indian languages.
（64） Being interested in the relationship of language and
thought， Whorf developed the idea that the structure of
language determines the structure of habitual thought in a
society. He reasoned that because the structure of habitual
thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to
formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language，
the speakers of that language think along one track and not
along another.
（65） Whorf came to believe in a sort of
linguistic determinism which， in its strongest form，
states that language imprisons the mind， and that the
grammatical patterns in a language can produce
far -reaching consequences for the culture of a society.
Later， this idea became to be known as the Sapir -Whorf
hypothesis， but this term is somewhat inappropriate.
Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of
languages Sapir himself never explicitly supported the
notion of linguistic determinism.
61、
（本题分值：2分）
「正确答案」
希腊人认为，语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
62、
（本题分值：2分）
「正确答案」
我们之所有感激他们（两位先驱），是因为在此之后，这些（土著）语言中有一些已经不复存在了，这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。
63、
（本题分值：2分）
「正确答案」
这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。
64、
（本题分值：2分）
「正确答案」
Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣，逐渐形成了这样的观点：在一个社会中，语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。
65、
（本题分值：2分）
「正确答案」
Whorf进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。Section IV （共20分）Writing
66、Directions：
Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in
which you should 1） describe the drawing 2） interpret its
meaning， and. 3） support your view with examples. You
should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET
2.（20 points）终点又是新起点
