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1． In 1796 investigations into the chemical nature of diamond concluded _________ a form of pure carbon.
(A) that it
(B) is it
(C) that it is
(D) is that
答案：C
分析：动词conclude的用法： 直接加that引导的宾语从句。 这里that为连接adv.， 在句中不作任何成分， 其后接完整句。BD没有连接词，A宾语从句不完整。
参考译文：在1769年, 钻石成分的研究人员得出结论钻石是一种纯粹的碳。
2． The English colonization of Virginia was devised in 1606 by a group of merchants _________ the Virginia Company of London.
(A) who formed
(B) formed
who they formed
they formed
答案：A
分析：定语从句，被修饰成分是merchants，商人，所以用who为连接adv.， who在从句中作主语。做主语的部分, 不能省略, 故B不对。B的形式导致两个动词谓语没有连接词，错误。C重复主语who/they的they重复了。
参考译文：到Virginia州的英国殖民从起始于1606年， 由一群商人发起， 这群商人组成了伦顿的Virginia公司。
3． The hourglass, an instrument used _________, usually consists of two bulbs united by a narrow neck.
(A) measures time
(B) time is measured
(C) for measuring time
(D) the time for measuring
答案：C
分析：同位语，动词use的用法，used for doing sth/ used to do sth，过去分词后置修饰名词instrument
参考译文：玻璃时钟（玻璃沙漏）， 一种测量时间的仪器， 一般由狭窄部分连接在一起的两个玻璃泡组成。
4． A master is an electronic apparatus that _________ radio and light waves.
(A) generated and was amplified
(B) generating and amplifying
(C) generates and amplifies
(D) to generate and amplify
答案：C
分析：定语从句，被修饰成分是apparatus，仪器，所以用that为连接adv.， that在从句中作主语。A时态不对，被动不对；B,D不能构成完整从句。
参考译文： mater是一种电子仪器，用来产生和放大无线电波和光波。
5． The human skin forms _________ against the action of physical, chemical, and bacterial agents on the deeper tissues.
(A) how protective a barrier is
(B) a protective barrier
(C) a barrier protects
(D) and which a barrier protects
答案：B
分析：动词form的用法， 直接加宾语，a protective barrier。A逻辑意思不对，C有两个动词谓语， D主句和从句并列。
参考译文： 人类的皮肤形成一层保护层阻挡物理的，化学的或者生物的物质在深层皮肤上作用。
6． Medical research at the cellular level, _________ research on the immune system, has been made possible through twentieth-century advances in techniques of genetic research.
(A) which
(B) whereas
(C) such as
(D) is also
答案：C
分析：插入语举例，such as 的用法。A的which是定语从句的标志但是，没有定语从句的谓语； B whereas是转折连词，没有主句； D两个动词谓语没有连接词，错误。
参考译文：在细胞层面的医学研究， 例如免疫系统的研究， 已经由20世纪的在基因工程研究进步而成为可能。
7． Living organisms contain more water _________ substance.
(A) than do any other
(B) does than any other
(C) other than do they any
(D) than they do any other
答案：D
分析：并列比较结构， do= contain, they= living organisms。 用A数不对， 改成does可以，但注意修改后的主语变化，Living organisms contain more water than does any other substance. 逻辑意思有所不同. 生物含水比其他物质含水多. B，C的语序大错。 参考译文：生物含有的水分比它含的任何其他物质都多。
8． The twentieth century has been a period of enormous growth in mathematical research and in the number of mathematicians and fields _________ them.
(A) they require
(B) requiring
(C) require
(D) as required
答案：B
分析：现在分词作定语修饰名词fields。 A，C都有2个谓语动词， 少联系词that， D少介词by。
参考译文： 20世纪在数学研究方面经历了巨大的进步，数学家的数量和要求数学家发挥作用的科目都有了长足进展。
9． Columbia University’s School of Public Health is _________ a handful of schools of public health in the United States.
(A) one that
(B) the one
(C) one of
(D) one
答案：C
分析： one of 结构，类似结构有 序数词+of the ****, the first of the four boys to enter college, three of the angles, most of the*** 等等, 这种结构似乎前面总是用定冠词. 但是sth is one of ****s, 是另外一种形式, 不受此限.
参考译文：Columbia大学的公共医学院是美国不多的公共医学学院之一。
10． The United States Department of the interior designated the Brooklyn bridge _________ in 1964.
(A) was a national historic landmark
(B) a national historic landmark
(C) which a national historic landmark
(D) a national historic landmark which
答案：B
分析：动词Designate sth sth 是接双宾语的固定句型, 把….指定为….. , 注意中间不用as , to be 等词，类似于win, elect； A两个动词谓语， C定语从句没有动词谓语，D后面多了个which。 注意： 是designate 不是design.
参考译文：在1964年，美国内务部将Brooklyn桥提名为全国性的历史标志。
11． In jazz music, a riff is a simple melodic figure, _________ and repeated several times.
(A) usually one or two measures lasted
(B) lasted one measure or two usually
(C) is lasting one or two measures usually
(D) usually lasting one or two measures
答案：D
分析：这是平行对称结构种比较难得一个情况，就是现在分词和过去分词并列修饰名词figure， last是主动的， the figure lasts one or two measures； repeat是被动的， the figure is repeated several times。 其他几个choice都是主动被动混乱， C有两个动词谓语。
参考译文：在爵士乐中， 反复乐节是一种简单的旋律符号，通常持续一个或者几个小节并且重复几次。
12． At its center, the sun has a density of over a hundred times _________ and a temperature of 10 to 20 million degrees centigrade.
(A) that of water
(B) of water
(C) than that of water
(D) water
答案：A
分析：并列比较结构， that= a density， B不知道比较对象是什么，C多了than (或者说少了比较词, 更好点.)， D没有结构。
参考译文：在它的中心， 太阳的密度是水的密度的100倍， 温度高达10-20百万摄氏度。
13． The United States Congress appropriates some four million dollars _________ the upkeep of the White House grounds.
(A) year for a
(B) for a year
(C) a year for
(D) a for year
答案：C
分析：介宾结构for the upkeep of，量词 four million dollars a year是正常的用法。
参考译文：美国国会每年拨款约4百万来维护白宫的地面。
14． The sea horse uses _________ to cling to the seaweed and other plants.
(A) it has a tail
(B) a tail with which it
(C) its tail
(D) as its tail
答案：C
分析：use sth to do sth/ use sth for doing sth动词use的用法。
参考译文：海马用它的尾巴紧紧附着在水草和其他植物上。
15． In the years ahead, health professionals will be able to enhance or restore health far better _________ at present.
(A) whereas
(B) they can
(C) than
(D) that are
答案：C
分析：比较结构， 出现better，找than，只有C对。
参考译文：在以后的时间里， 医学专业人员将能够比现在更好的提高和回复人们的健康。
16. The constitution of New Hampshire, a second oldest among those of the fifty states, was adopted in 1784.
答案：B. a second : the second
分析：最高级前面用the，主要这里有among those of 说明是最高级； 如果只有a most beautiful girl， 就没有错， a most 表示很，非常。
参考译文：New Hampshire州， 第二历史悠久的州， 在1784年建立州法。
17. Elinor Wylie’s writings consist of eight books---four novels and four volumes of poem---in which she displayed a knowledge of both history and literature.
答案：B. Poem: poems
分析：可数名词不能单独出现， 要么有冠词， 要么复数。
参考译文：Elinor Wylie的作品包括8本书，四本小说和四部诗集，在作品中她表现出了历史和文学知识。
18. In addition to their usefulness as scavengers, birds are of enormous value to humans because of they eat insects and control the spread of weeds.
答案：C. Because of : because
分析：because of 是介词，只能接名词， because连词，接句子。
参考译文：除了作为食腐者的作用， 鸟类对人还有很大的作用，因为它们捕食昆虫，控制野草。
19. When precipitation occurs, some of it evaporates, some runs off the surface it strikes, and some sinking into the ground.
答案：D. sinking: sinks
分析：平行对称结构，动词谓语 evaporates, runs off and runs into并列， 都是一般现在时态。
参考译文：当降水发生后， 一部分蒸发了， 一部分离开它落地的表面了， 还有一部分渗入了地面。
20. The astronauts chosen for fly the first United States spacecraft were selected from military test pilots.
答案：A. chosen for: chosen to
分析：chosen for doing/ chosen to do 都可以， 但是for是介词，不能直接加动词原形。
参考译文：首批挑选出来的美国航天飞机的飞行员是从军队的飞行员里选拔的。
21. Tarantulas inject a paralyzing venom into prey or with their large fangs.
答案：C. or with: with
分析：or是连词，这里并没有并列的东西来连接，多余，去掉就可以了。
参考译文：Tarantulas蜘蛛把一种有麻痹效力的毒液用它们的大毒牙注射入猎物体内。
22. Born in New York City in 1891, Preston Dickinson was one of the pioneers of modern artistic in the United States.
答案：D. artistic: artists
分析：形容词和名词混用。
参考译文：出生于1891年，Preston Dickinson是美国现代艺术先驱之一。
23. The water of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans make up 70.8 percent to the Earth’s surface.
答案：D. to: of
分析：本题中，make up的谓语动词错误比较明显严重，相比较而言，to the Earth’s surface还是容易接受的。不过to 肯定也是错的。percent of sth是正常的用法， to介词错误。而且必须用percent， 出过考点是percentage，也是错误的。 参考译文：大西洋， 太平洋和印度洋的水域构成了地球表面的70.8%。
Pumpkin注：我认为题目抄写有误， 应该是waters 不是water
waters复数特指the water in a particular lake, river etc，以下例子来自Longman Dictionary
the waters of the Amazon,
the coastal waters of Alaska
24. The three main television networks in the United States account for more advertising dollars than any others medium.
答案：D. others: other
分析：other的用法， others 是指代词，不能放在medium前面作定语修饰名词medium。
参考译文：美国的主要三个电视新闻频道（ABC，CNN，NBC）的广告金额比任何其他媒体都多。
25. In 1913 when he was only 18 year old, Leo Sowerby’s violin concerto was performed by the Chicago Symphony.
答案：C. year old: years old
分析：表示年龄的惯用法 10 years old, 还有类似的3 meters high。
参考译文：在1913年， 他18岁的时候，Leo Sowerby的小提琴协奏曲由Chicago演奏团表演了。
26. Fossil records support the assumption which microorganisms were the first forms of life.
答案：B. which: that
分析：同位语从句assumption that…用which必须是非限制性定语从句的连接词。
参考译文：化石记录支持这样的假设：微生物是最早的生命形式。
27. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch was founded in 1878 and by 1881 had become the most largest evening newspaper in the city.
答案：D. most largest: largest
分析：最高级只要一个就可以了，most重复了。
参考译文：St. Louis的Post-Dispatch报纸创建于1878年， 到1881年已经成为St. Louis城最大的报纸。
28. In artifacts from as early as the Stone Age, mathematics and art can be seen to have fused in the geometric patterns decorate pottery, weaving, and carpentry.
答案：C. decorate: to decorate
分析：现在分词作定语修饰名词patterns，用原形就造成句子两个动词谓语没有连接词，不定式做目的状语。
参考译文：早在石器时代的艺术品中， 数学和艺术就可以看出来是集中在几何图案中， 这些几何图案用于装饰陶器， 编织品和木工制品。
29. Despite their common heritage, background, and homogeneity, the original United States consisted of 13 distinct political entities, each commanding considerable loyal from its citizenry.
答案：D. loyal: loyalty
分析：名词和形容词的区别。形容词不能放在这里作command的宾语。
参考译文：虽然美国的老13州有共同的历史，背景和统一性，可是每个州都要求州内的居民忠实于自己。
30. The choreographer George Balanchine created more than 150 works for the New York City Ballet, that which he was a founder.
答案：C. that which: of/for which都可以
分析：两个连接词重复使用，一定错了，定语从句还原： he was a founder of the New York City Ballet。Chorographer是人， choreography是舞蹈艺术。
参考译文：舞蹈家George Balanchine创作了150多部纽约吧蕾舞， 是这个派别的奠基人之一。
31. Some ways in which lizards different from snake are in having ear openings, moveable eyelids, and less flexible jaws.
答案：B. different: differ
分析：定语从句还原lizards differ from snakes in some ways， 用different就导致定语从句没有动词谓语； 注意openings是可数名词。
参考译文：蜥蜴和蛇的一些不同之处在于蜥蜴有耳朵洞， 眼皮可以动， 下巴没有蛇那么活动。
32. Much of the work of the anthropologist Margaret Mead was devoting to a study of patterns of child rearing in various cultures.
答案：C. Devoting : devoted
分析：be devoted to sth/ be dedicated to sth是惯用法， devoting主动形式意思不对， 结构也不对， devote sth to sth。
参考译文： 人类学家Margaret Mead致力于研究在不同文化中的培养孩子的方式。
33. The feathers of birds not only protect their skin from injury and conserve body heat, but also function in flight, courtship, camouflage, and sensory perceptive.
答案：D. perceptive: perception
分析：几个名词的并列：in flight, courtship, camouflage, and sensory perception； perceptive是形容词， 不能并列。 注意句子主语是the feathers是复数， 所以function作为动词是完全正确的； heat是不可数名词； 特别注意their skin不是their skins。
参考译文：鸟类的羽毛不仅仅保护它们的皮肤不受伤，保护身体的热量， 而且作用在以下几个方面： 打斗， 求偶， 伪装， 感觉。
34. Of the many mushroom species growing wild, the common field mushroom is the one that is most frequently gather for human consumption.
答案：D. gather: gathered
分析：动词被动形式错误， 前面明明有is那必须是gathered， 动词原形当然不对了；growing是现在分词作定语，没有错。 原来的句子顺序：
The common field mushroom is the one of many mushroom species growing wild that is most frequently gathered for human consumption。
两个修饰成分放在后面不明确， 就把一个放在句首， 更加清楚被修饰的对象。
参考译文：在众多蘑菇品种中，the common field mushroom是最常被人们收集食用的。
35. Carl Roger’s client-centered therapy is now widely employed and is among the most influential technique in modern United States clinical psychology.
答案：C. technique: techniques
分析：可数名词在among后面， 必须是复数， 不然逻辑意思不对。
参考译文：Carl Roger的客户中心治疗法现在广为使用， 是当代美国临床心理学最有影响力的治疗方法之一。
36. Female horseflies transmit a few diseases, but their main significance as pests is in sting of their bite.
答案：D. in sting: in the sting
分析：可数名词不能单独出现， 特别在the AAAAA of the BBBBB的结构中， 冠词不能少。
参考译文：雌性苍蝇传播一些疾病， 不过它们最大的讨厌之处是它们的叮咬。
37. Despite a lack of navigably waterways, Madison, Wisconsin, developed into a manufacturing center as well as a major trade nucleus during the 1800’s.
答案：B. navigable: navigable
分析：形容词和副词的混淆，副词不能修饰名词， 不能作名词的定语 。
参考译文：虽然Wisconsin 州的Madison市缺乏可以航行的水道，Madison仍然在19世纪发展成为制造业和商业中心。
38. The food and water that people consume them come from the environment, provided either by nature or through the work of farmers and other producers.
答案：A. consume them: consume
分析：定语从句的宾语that已经掉到句字前面了， them就是重复了， 还原： people consume the food and water；come from是句子的动词谓语， 主语是the food and water； provided by 是过去分词修饰成分， 完全正确， 可以这样检验： the food and water that are provided either by … or through….。
参考译文：人们消费的食物和水都来自环境， 要么由自然提供， 要么由农民或者其他生产者的劳动来提供。
39. Communal dance, as a powerful symbol of mutual regard and cooperation group, underlies enduring traditions in folk dancing.
答案：C. cooperation group: group cooperation
分析：名词并列regard和cooperation， 尊重和合作。词序混乱, 方法: 读不通的时候可以试试调一下。
参考译文：交谊舞， 作为一种互相尊重和集体合作的标志， 构成民间舞蹈中耐久不衰的传统。
40. More than 800 major oil company have plants and offices in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the site of the international petroleum exposition.
答案：B. company: companies
分析：可数名词单复数误用。出现明确的复数标志：more than 800
参考译文：在Oklahoma 的Tulsa市， 有800多个石油公司的工厂和办公室，Tulsa是国际石油展示中心。 |
