1． The province of Newfoundland has ________ than any other region of North American in which the first language is English.
(A) its longer history
(B) a longer history
(C) the longer the history
(D) the history is longer
答案：B
分析：than 确定比较级；C longer前加the 显然错误， the一般出现在最高级前面，(在the more … the more的结构才能用the在more前面)；D 中is 与 has使句子谓语冲突；A 不符合习惯。
参考译文：纽芬兰省有比其它任何以英语为第一语言的北美地区更长的历史。
2． Clinical psychologists Dr. Carl Rogers found that 80 percent _______ verbal communication involved five types of responses: evaluative, interpretive, supportive, probing, and understanding.
(A) all
(B) is the
(C) with
(D) of all
答案：D
分析：百分数表达方式 XX percent of ＋N.。改错题考过用其他介词，比如to来替代of, 迷惑视听。 注意involve是及物动词involve sth， 类似还有一个考过的词语concern是及物动词。
参考译文：临床心理学者 卡尔罗杰斯 发现，80％的语言通信涉及到五种反应：评价、说明、支持、探察的和理解。
3． The early feminist leader Susan B. Anthony became increasingly aware through her work in the temperance movement ___________ the same rights as men.
(A) women were not granted that
(B) that women were not granted
(C) not granted women that were
(D) that were not granted women
答案：B
分析：宾语从句women were not granted the same rights as men 作为 aware 的内容，以that（不做任何成分） ＋从句形式出现；A,C,D语序错误，A,C的that没有紧跟movement， D误用倒装 。
参考译文：早期的女权主义领导者 苏珊B. 安东尼 通过她在禁酒运动中的工作，越发意识到妇女没有享有和男人同样的权利。
4． DNA, _________, is found in the cell nucleus in the form of very long and thin molecules consisting of two spiral strands.
(A) inherits material
(B) is inheritance material
(C) material is inherited
(D) the material of inheritance
答案：D
分析：the material of inheritance 做DNA的同位语； A，B，C 中的动词造成谓语冲突。
参考译文：DNA，遗传物质，被发现以非常长且细微的分子组成两股盘绕的线绳的形式于细胞核中。
5． _________ plants, which manufacture their own food, animals obtain nourishment by acquiring and ingesting their food.
(A) Unlike
(B) Different
(C) Whereas
(D) As much
答案：A
分析：托福常考，Unlike 介词，放句首＋N.，表示与主句主语比较；在这里就是plants 于animals做比较。
参考译文：不像植物那样能够制造自己的养料，动物通过摄取和吸收他们的食物来获取营养。
6． The Hawaiian alphabet, introduced by missionaries in the 1820’s, _______ and only seven consonants.
(A) the five vowels consist of
(B) consisting of five vowels
(C) that consists of five vowels
(D) consists of five vowels
答案：D
分析：中间introduced by missionaries in the 1820’s是修饰成分， 可以看成有省略出现，（which was）introduced， 主语从句；句子真正谓语consists，表客观事实（从前这样，现在这样，以后也还会这样），用一般现在时，与修饰主语的从句时态并无瓜葛。注意introduce应该是及物动词introduce sth/sb， 这里出现by missionaries而且introduce没有宾语， 说明introduced是分词作修饰成分的插入语， 不是谓语动词。
参考译文：由传教士于18世纪20年代传入的夏威夷语的字母表是由5个元音和7个子音组成的。
7． Working like a telescope, ________ the size of objects at great distances.
(A) which magnifies a telephoto lens
(B) a telephoto lens magnifies
(C) a telephoto lens which magnifies
(D) and magnifying a telephoto lens
答案：B
分析：空格前现在分词作全句状语，可略去不管；空格应是句子主谓。注意lens是单数的， a 50mm standard lens
参考译文：运用如望远镜，长焦镜头将很远处的物体的尺寸放大。
8． Volcanoes are divided into three main groups, based on their shape and the type of material they __________ .
(A) are made
(B) made of
(C) are made of
(D) made for
答案：C
分析：A，D可以先行排除；且判断不是（which are）made of 的省略结构，否则之前的they 将毫无用处，排除B；the type of material （that） +宾语从句。还原： they are made of the type of material.
参考译文：火山鉴于它们的形状和它们构成物质的种类可以划分为三大类别。
9． ________ to inanimate objects, such as machines, is a form of animism.
(A) When attributing emotion
(B) Attributing emotion
(C) Emotion is attributed
(D) If emotion is attributed
答案：B
分析：首先排除C 谓语冲突 和 D 缺主语， such as machines 做插入语；A when有引导从句做主语，但是这里结构不完整，且when is a form 意思不通， 排除。A,C,D都没有正确的主语。 Doing sth. is ～ 是托福中常考句型，请识记； 但是在GMAT句子改错中， 这个形式并非优先选择。
参考译文：把情感的属性赋予死气沉沉的物质，例如机器，是一种万物有灵论。
10． _________, dolphins have no sense of smell.
(A) As known as far
(B) Known thus far as
(C) It is known as far
(D) As far as is known
答案：D
分析：as far as 结构，在托福中是优选项；A，B，C结构错误， 可以用： It is known that dolphins have no sense of smell 。
参考译文：已知，海豚没有嗅觉。
11． The growth of psychobiology owes ________ to major conceptual advances in the way people think about the brain.
(A) much
(B) as much as
(C) much which
(D) there is so much
答案：A
分析：much 做副词修饰owe； 【owe to】 We owe to Newton the principle of gravitation. 我们全靠牛顿才知道引力的原理。 I owe it to you that I am still alive. 幸亏有你我现在才仍然活着。 She owes her beauty to artificial assistance. 她的美全靠打扮。 You owe it to yourself to say it. 这话亏你说得出口。B的用法不对， 可以说owes as much to major conceptual advances as to some other development。 参考译文：心理学的发展很大程度上靠着人们对大脑认识的重大概念性的进步。
12． In 1938 Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman ________ the Nobel Prize for Literature.
(A) receive
(B) received
(C) to receive
(D) she received
答案：C
分析：be/become the first ~to~固定用法，识记。A,B,D都是两个谓语动词没有连词， 错误。
参考译文：1938年巴克赛珍珠成为第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国人。
13． Now considered an art form, quilt-making originated as a means of fashioning bed covers from bits of fabric that otherwise __________ .
(A) not use
(B) were no use
(C) had no use
(D) it was not used
答案：C
分析：A，D句子成分问题；B改成were of no use / were not useful就对了。That otherwise是修饰fabric的定语从句。
参考译文：制被目前被看成一种艺术形式, 最早起源于使用小块织物点缀被面，如果不是这个用途， 这些零碎的布头就没什么用处了。
14． The early years of the United States government were characterized by a debate concerning _______ or individual states should have more power.
(A) whether the federal government
(B) either the federal government
(C) that the federal government
(D) the federal government
答案：A
分析：空格前面已经有句子的主谓，且之后有独立的动词have，则说明有从句存在，且有or 做判断，选A。
参考译文：美国政府早期特点即是关于是联邦政府还是独立的州享有更大权力的争论。
15． Beneath the streets of a modern city ________ of walls, columns, cables, pipes and the tunnels required to satisfy the needs of its inhabitants.
(A) where exists the network
(B) the existing network
(C) the network’s existence
(D) exists the network
答案：D
分析：当句子没有宾语，且主语偏长时，往往将句中作状语的介词短语或作表语的形容词短语或作表语的分词短语提至句首，引起主谓的全部倒装。看到一个介词放句首就要敏感的考虑到倒装这个考点，然后看选项，果然有个完全倒装的选项。注意required是分词修饰成分， 不是谓语动词。
参考译文：在现代城市街道之下存在着一个被用来满足居民需要的墙、柱、电缆、水管和隧道的网络。
16． The antique collectors must be able to distinguish real antiques from later imitations, which can be either reproductions nor fakes.
答案：D nor: or
分析：看到这类题应该找句中的对应判断词，这里是either，应是either……or……这样的用法。提示一下, 这种搭配使用法还挺多的. Neither…nor…, both…and…, not only…but also… 等等.
参考译文：古董收藏家必须有能力去区别真正的古董和后期的仿造品，其会是复制品或者赝品。
17． Paint must be stirred and sometimes dilution before it is applied.
答案：C dilution: diluted
分析：看到and要小心，看看是怎样的平行结构，应该用dilution的动词被动diluted 和and 之前的stirred平行。
参考译文：在使用之前，颜料必须被调匀，有时候还要稀释。
18． A great aviation pioneer, Amelia Earthart was already famous when she sets out on her ill-fated attempt to circle the globe in 1937.
答案：C sets: set
分析：时态问题。Was 和In 1937表明要用过去时态。
参考译文：航空界先锋 A E 在1937年她开始她那悲剧性(悲壮)的环游世界的尝试时就已经闻名于世了。
19． Although apples do not grow during the cold seasons, apple trees must have a such season in order to flourish.
答案：C a such: such a
分析：such词序问题，such as的词序也考到过。
Such 的词序是这样的. Such a adj+ noun, so adj+ a noun. So 除了so many/ much 的形式, 不能用来修饰不可数名词和复数. 男生记住: she is such a pretty girl. 女生记住: he is such a handsome boy. 成了, 万变不离其宗.
参考译文：虽然苹果不在寒冷的季节生长，苹果树必须经历这样的季节以求茂盛。
20． Tow unique features of the Arctic they are lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground.
答案：B they are: are
分析：句子主语冲突，句子的主语是tow unique features，注意。
参考译文：北极圈的两个独特特征是缺少降雨和永冻底层。
21． Faced with petroleum shortage in the 1970’s, scientists and engineers in the United States stepped up its efforts to develop more efficient heating systems and better insulation.
答案：B its: their
分析：its 想指代scientists and engineers，可惜它小样了一点。代词指代单复数要一致。
参考译文：面对1970的石油短缺，美国科学家和工程师加快了开发更加有效加热和绝缘系统的步伐。
22． Rabbits have large front tooth, short tails and hind legs and feet adapted for running and jumping.
答案：B tooth: teeth
分析：兔子的大门牙，复数。
Likui疑惑：但是我就搞不懂了，它的超大门牙和running and jumping有什么关系？ 牙大且垂直，不是加大了风阻吗？怎解？
Pumpkin补充：本句说的是rabbits的特征， 不是说前后特征有因果关系， 兔子的几个典型特征分别是： 大牙， 短尾巴， 适应于跑和跳的长后腿。从语法上说， adapted for running and jumping紧紧接着legs and feet, 说明是修饰这个部分的； 如果说是：
Rabbits have large front tooth, short tails and hind legs and feet， adapted for running and jumping.在adapted 前面加了逗号， 就是说， 三个特征都是适应于跑和跳， 逻辑就有问题了。 语法中结构为先，结构决定意思，要表达一定的意思， 需要对应的结构。 这个原则在TOEFL考试中要求不明显， 在GMAT考试中的句子改错部分至关重要。 参考译文：兔子有硕大的门牙，短尾巴， 和适应了跑和跳的后腿脚。
23． Dentistry is a branch of medicine that has developed very dramatic in the last twenty years.
答案：D dramatic: dramatically
分析：修饰动词应该用副词。
参考译文：在近20年来蓬勃发展的牙科是医学的一个分支。
24． The ease of solving jigsaw puzzle depends the number of pieces, their shapes and shadings, and the design of the picture.
答案：B depends the : depends on the
分析：固定词组。注意ease的用法， 有词组at ease/ with ease/ for ease of application， 其中with ease考过定语从句。
参考译文：解决拼图游戏的难易程度取决于拼板的数目，他们的形状、他们的细微差别和图片的花样。
25． Plants range in size to tiny, single-celled, blue-green algae, invisible to the naked eye, to giant sequoias, the largest living plants.
答案：B to: from
分析：对于这样的题，很多人都很难判断，经常牵扯到动词词组的问题；其实不然，这里有个from……to……，只是因为中间隔着太多干扰成分所以没察觉，可以用排除法， range和living肯定判断没错，就是invisible有点混淆， invisible to the naked eye是个插入的修饰成分， 没有错；那就剩下to 有问题。
参考译文：植物的尺寸范围：小到裸眼无法观察的微小单细胞蓝绿色的海藻，大到巨大的美洲衫，现存的最大植物。
26． During the 1940’s science and engineering had an impact on the way music reach its audience and even influenced the way in which it was composed.
答案：B reach: reached
分析：如第二个the way一样，第一个省略了 in which；看到后面的and要注意平行，influenced是过去时态， during the 1940’s也是过去的时间，所以用一般过去时。
参考译文：在19世纪40年代，科学和工程学对音乐影响听众的手段和其编写的方式产生了影响。
27． By 1860 the railroads of the United States had 3000miles of track, three quarters of which it was east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River.
答案：D which it: which
分析：从句主语冲突，多余it；切记 介词＋which＋完整句子 / which +不完整句子。
参考译文：直至1860年，全美铁路有3000公里长，其中3/4在密西西比河以东，俄亥俄州以北。
28． Ballads were early types of poetry and may have been among a first kinds of music.
答案：C a: the
分析：与kinds数上冲突。
参考译文：民谣既是早期形式诗歌，也可能在最早的的音乐形式的一种。
29． The thin outer layer of the skin is called the epidermis, while the layer inner, which is slightly thicker, is called the dermis.
答案：D layer inner: inner layer
分析：inner 有名词的词性，但是大多数情况下是形容词，而且我们看到前面有提示：the thin outer layer，所以是词序颠倒的错误，看到划线部分包含两个单词就应改注意看看有没有词序的问题；upper，outer，inner都必须放在被修饰名词前；while 作为连词，表示前后的对比；call 直接加宾语；。 参考译文：皮肤薄薄的外层被称为表皮，而里面稍微厚一点的那层被称为真皮。
30． With the incorporation of jazz history into current academic curricula, leading jazz musicians are now founding on the faculties of several universities.
答案：D founding: founded
分析：be founded on以…为(论点、作品等)的根据；把(论点、作品等)建立在…的基础上 (on upon)；这题不好理解，建议用排除法解。Racism is not founded on rational thought, but on fear.
参考译文：由于爵士乐历史编入当今的理论课程，现在最主要的爵士乐音乐家是几所大学的教员。（也就是说在学校里爵士乐被很好的教研，学术带头的教员自然又红又专）
31． Humus, a substance found in soil, is soft and spongy and enables plant roots to send out tiny hairs through that they absorb water and food.
答案：D through that: through which
分析：D through 介词，介词＋which＋完成句子。还原： They absorb water and food through tiny hairs。 A是过去分词修饰a substance， 可以看成定语从句(that is) found省略结构，正确；
参考译文：土壤中的腐殖质是柔软多孔的，能够使植物根部所伸出微小的根须通过，吸收水和养料。
32． Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it breed prolifically when temperatures are warm, food is abundant, and humidity is moderate.
答案：B it: they
分析：longest 这里做副词修饰live；而it 应试指代flies，代词用错。
参考译文：尽管苍蝇能够在冷的温度下长期存活，它们却是在温度温暖，食物充足，湿度适宜时大量繁殖。
33． Alaska’s vast areas of untamed wilderness attracts many people who enjoy the outdoors.
答案：C attracts: attract
分析：谓语动词attract的数应该遵循主语的中心词，也就是areas。
参考译文：阿拉斯加广阔的不羁的狂野吸引着许多喜欢户外（活动）的人。
34． The giant panda closely resembles the bear, but account of certain anatomical features it is placed in the raccoon family.
答案：C but account of：but on account of
分析：on account of＝because of，因为，由于。
参考译文：大熊猫很像熊，但是由于特定的解剖学特征，它被归于浣熊科。
35． The ode was original a ceremonial poem written to celebrate public occasions or exalted subjects.
答案：A original： originally
分析：original 放在was 和a之间， 明显不合适，应用副词形式修饰整个句子； written to celebrate 没有错， 是过分分词后置的修饰成分， 可以看成(that was)written to celebrate的省略。
参考译文：起初，赋是一种仪式性诗赋，写出来为在大众场合和欢腾活动庆祝之用。
36． Even as he wrote copiously on such diverse topic as educations, politics, and religion, Lewis Mumford remained active in city and regional planning.
答案：B topic: topics
分析：topic 可数名词，用复数，可数名词不能单独出现， 尤其有diverse这样的修饰， 说明是复数。
参考译文：正如他的写作广泛涉足如此丰富的主题：教育、政治和宗教，LW保持了在城市和地区规划的积极性。
37． Oscillation is a electronic function that changes direct current to the signal of desired frequency.
答案：A a electronic ： an electronic
分析：electronic的发元音，不定冠词用an。
参考译文：发杂音是一种电子功能，其改变直流为所需的频率信号。
38． Papier-mâché figures by Stephen Hensen, which they cheerfully depicted life in the Information Age, were the focus of an exhibit at the Museum of American History.
答案：A they cheerfully: cheerfully
分析：从句主语冲突，which＋不完整的句子，which做从句的主语， 还原：Papier-mâché figures cheerfully depicted life 。
参考译文：SH所创造，生动描绘了信息时代生活的PM角色们是美国历史博物馆一个展览的焦点。
39． Pharmacist fill drug prescriptions, keeping recordings of the drugs their patients are taking to make sure that harmful combinations are not prescribed.
答案：A pharmacist: pharmacists
分析：A药剂师，可数名词，且看到谓语动词fill的数，应用复数。注意，keeping recordings of the drugs their patients are taking to make sure that harmful combinations are not prescribed是现在分词作句子的结果、原因、伴随状语。
参考译文：药剂师填写药剂处方，保留他们病人的药物记录来确定不开出有害的药品组合（compound表示化合物, combination应该是药品组合）。
40． Great technical advances in aerial and satellite photography have been made since end of the Second World War.
答案：D since end: since the end
分析：since 加时间点，at the end of～ & in the end， the 不可少 。
参考译文：在航空领域的技术重大进步和卫星摄像在二战结束就已成就。
