Unit 1
Nobel Prizes are awarded each year to people,
1 nationality, who have made valuable
2 to the “good of humanity”. In his
3 , the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel directed that the income from his $ 9-million estate
4 to fund five annual prizes. The awards are given for the most important discoveries or inventions in the
5 of physics, chemistry, and physiology or medicine; the most distinguished literary
6 of an idealistic nature; and the most effective work in the interest of international peace. The prizes were first
7 in 1901. A sixth prize — the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences
8 Alfred Nobel — was first
9 in 1969. This prize was established by the Bank of Sweden and is
10 by the bank. In 1996, the
11 of each of the six prizes was about $1,100,000. A candidate may not
12 directly for a prize. A qualified person must submit each name in
13 . For the literary prize, the Swedish Academy considers only works that
14 in print. The academy usually selects an author for his or her complete work
15 for one book. The organizations that award the prizes
16 15 deputies who
17 a board of directors. The board holds office for two years and
18 the funds. Prize winners
19 their awards on December 10, the
20 of the death of Alfred Nobel. Sometimes, prizes are not awarded or are awarded in a later year.
1. A) with respect to B) in line with C) with reference to D) regardless of
2. A) deeds B) endeavor C) contributions D)achievements
3. A) life B) will C) writing D) dream
4. A) be used B) will be used C) to be used D)would be used
5. A) formats B) fields C) grounds D) aspects
6. A) book B) art C) work D) piece
7. A) opened B) handed over C) made D) presented
8. A) in memory of B) by name of C) in regard to D) in name of
9. A) rewarded B) offered C) awarded D) bestowed
10. A) represented B) found C) named D) funded
11. A) value B) worth C) price D) merit
12. A) be valid B) be awarded C) apply D) submit
13. A) English B) writing C) speech D) works
14. A) has opened B) has turned out C) have appeared D)have been known
15. A) either B) or rather C) instead D) rather than
16. A) appoint B) advice C) present D) persuade
17. A) make B) elect C) call D) choose
18. A) governs B) conducts C) administers D) organizes
19. A) accept B) collect C) entertain D) receive
20. A) anniversary B) birthday C) year D) centenary
Unit 2
People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. Most Americans have
1 been out of the country and have very
2 experience with foreigners. But they are usually friendly and open, and
3 meeting new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or
4 . They tend to use first names in most
5 and speak freely about themselves.
6 if your American hosts do something that makes you
7 , try to let them know how you feel. Most people will
8 your honesty and try
9 you uncomfortable again.
10 you’ll all learn something about another culture! Many travelers find it
11 to meet people in the U. S. than in other countries. They may just
12 and introduce themselves or even invite you
13 before they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be
14 friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just
15 . Just
16 anywhere else, it takes time to become
17 friends with people in the U. S. If and when you
18 American friends, they will probably enjoy
19 you to their friends and family, and if they seem proud
20 you, it’s probably because they are, relax and enjoy it!
1. A) ever B) never C) often D) sometimes
2. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little
3. A) dislike B) avoid C) hate D) enjoy
4. A) informally B) intimate C) incompetently D) indirectly
5. A) occasions B) situations C) moments D) instant
6. A) And B) So C) But D) Meanwhile
7. A) at ease B) comfortable C) pleasant D) uncomfortable
8. A) confirm B) praise C) appreciate D) criticize
9. A) not let B) letting C) not to make D) to not made
10. A) Thus B) Then C) And D) But
11. A) easier B) harder C) happier D) simpler
12. A) come to B) come through C) come up with D) come up
13. A) over B) at C) in D) round
14. A) naturally B) superficially C) heartily D) extremely
15. A) killing time B) having a good time C) enjoying D) enjoying himself
16. A) as B) different C) like D) unlike
17. A) real B) true C) actual D) loyal
18. A) live with B) stay with C) stay away from D) are helpful to
19. A) inviting B) introducing C) lead D) being acquainted
20. A) to recognize B) to have known C) of recognizing D) of knowing
Unit 3
To find out what the weather is going to be, many people go straight to the radio, television or newspaper to get an expert weather forecast. But
1 you know what to look for, you can use your own
2 to make your weather
3 . There are many
4 that can help you. For example, in fair weather the air pressure is
5 low. The air is still and often full of dust. Far away objects may look
6 . But when a storm is gathering, the pressure
7 and you are often able to see things more clearly. Sailors
8 of this long ago and came
9 with a saying “The farther the sight, the nearer the rain”. Your sense of
10 can also help you detect weather changes. Just
11 it rains, odors become stronger. This is
12 odors are suppressed in a fair, high-pressure center. When a bad weather low
13 , air pressure lessens and smells are
14 . You can also
15 an approaching storm. Sounds
16 heavy storm clouds and return to earth with force. An old saying describes it
17 : “Sound traveling far and wide, a stormy day will come.” And don’t laugh if your grandmother says she can
18 a storm coming. It is commonly known that many people feel pains in their bones when the humidity
19 , the pressure drops, and bad weather is on the
1. A) unless B) if C) as D) though
2. A) experiences B) ways C) senses D) feelings
3. A) broadcast B) plans C) prediction D) statement
4. A) forms B) signals C) expressions D) signs
5. A) ordinarily B) unusually C) commonly D) generally
6. A) misty B) small C) clear D) big
7. A) rises B) drops C) increases D) descends
8. A) took care B) took note C) got hold D) made sense
9. A) up B) over C) upon D) on
10. A) touch B) taste C) smell D) sight
11. A) when B) as C) after D) before
12. A) why B) because C) how D) hence
13. A) moves away B) takes up C) moves in D) takes in
14. A) released B) controlled C) checked D) roused
15. A) learn B) see C) hear D) look
16. A) jump up B) jump down C) bounce in D) bounce off
17. A) as meaning B) following C) this way D) that is
18. A) see B) hear C) feel D) tell
19. A) falls B) grows C) drops D) rises
20. A) way B) march C) road D) moving
Unit 4
We all know that it is possible for ordinary people to make their homes on the equator(赤道), although often they may feel 1 hot there. Millions do it. But
2 the North Pole — we know that it is not only a dangerously cold place, but that people like you and me would find it quite
3 to live there. At the present time only the scientists and explorers can do
4 , and they use special equipment. Men
5 across and around the equator on wheels.
6 their feet or in ships for thousands of years; but only
7 men, with great difficulty and in very recent time, have ever crossed the ice to the North Pole. So it may
8 you to learn that, when traveling
9 , it is really safer to fly over the North Pole
10 over the equator. Of course, this is not true
11 landings in the polar region (which passenger aeroplanes do not make), but the weather, if we are flying at a
12 of 5,000 metres above the Pole, is a delight. At 4,000 metres and more
13 the earth you can always be sure that you will not see a cloud in the sky as
14 the eye can reach. In the tropics(热带), on the other hand, you are not certain to keep
15 bad weather even at such heights as 18,000 metres. Aeroplanes can’t climb as
16 as or as quickly in cold air as in warm.
17 can clouds. In practice, this is an advantage
18 the aeroplane, which is already at a good height
19 it reaches the polar region and so does not need to climb,
20 at the same time cold air keeps the clouds down low.
1. A) comfortably B) uncomfortably C) discomfort D) comfort
2. A) to B) for C) as for D) of
3. A) impossible B) possible C) capable D) able
4. A) it B) so C) this D) all
5. A) traveled B) had traveled C) was traveling D) have been traveling
6. A) On B) By C) With D) Under
7. A) many B) much C) a few D) few
8. A) be pleased B) surprise C) please D)be surprised
9. A) in space B) under the sea C) by ship D) by air
10. A) than B) that C) to D) from
11. A) of B) for C) about D) from
12. A) distance B) length C) place D) height
13. A) over B) above C) under D) below
14. A) far as B) long as C) soon as D) good as
15. A) in touch with B) record of C) clear of D) up with
16. A) height B) high C) far D) soon
17. A) Nor B) So C) Either D) Neither
18. A) for B) over C) from D) to
19. A) which B) where C) while D) when
20. A) where B) while C) which D) when
Unit 5
Nobody likes insects. They are
1 and sometimes dangerous. Some of them bite us and give us
2 ; others bite us and give us big red
3 . Some do not bite,
4 they just fly round our heads or crawl round our houses and gardens. And we do not like any of them —
5 those lovely butterflies. But insects are interesting. First, they are very
6 animals. Three hundred and twenty million years ago there were no men or other
7 in the world but there were insects. Today,
8 every square mile of land there are millions of them flying and crawling
9 . Second, insects are very
10 to their habitat, to their food and to the weather. Now there are about a million different
11 in the world. Then
12 do people use insecticides? Not many insects
13 us. In many cases we do not see the insects and we do not think much about them. The
14 is that insects eat so much of man’s food,
15 there are so many billions of them. So we must use insecticides to
16 them. An insecticide is simply a special chemical
17 with some poisonous elements. Farmers
18 their crops very often and the insects die quickly. Of course some poisonous chemicals
19 on the crops or in the
20 , and that is also dangerous to our health.
1. A) wicked B) shocked C) troubling D) annoying
2. A) wounds B) diseases C) hurts D) cuts
3. A) places B) points C) spots D) scraps
4. A) and B) but C) or D) because
5. A) besides B) let alone C) except for D)except
6. A) old B) young C) small D) weak
7. A) mammals B) cats C) reptiles D) birds
8. A) on B) with C) throughout D) in
9. A) over B) above C) about D) up
10. A) suitable B) adaptable C) agreeable D) changeable
11. A) species B) samples C) models D) examples
12. A) when B) how C) where D) why
13. A) stab B) wound C) hurt D) pin
14. A) difference B) condition C) method D) reason
15. A) so that B) due to C) and D) owing to
16. A) put an end to B) get rid of C) take care of D) get hold of
17. A) medicine B) sections C) compound D) material
18. A) spray B) cover C) clean D) splash
19. A) drop B) stay C) disappear D) leave
20. A) soil B) dirt C) earth D) mud Unit 6 A good deal of research is being
1 out nowadays
2 the causes of juvenile crime. It is obvious
3 one of these is an unsatisfactory home background. The father or even
4 both parents may be involved
5 some of form of criminal activity and the growing child
6 conflict with the authorities for granted. The parents may be
7 hard terms with each other or even separated and the child is subjected
8 constant emotional strain which may make him readily seek some kind of outlet in violence and serious crime.
9 cause of teenage crime may be boredom of discontent.
10 the boy of low intelligence who scarcely knows
11 to read there is the better educated but spoilt middle-class youth who
12 his parents as outdated humbugs(欺骗). The police
13 considered to be domineering bullies
14 purpose and delight is to suppress ruthlessly all who challenge the meaningless beliefs of
15 society. Some of these youngsters pride themselves
16 being rebels or revolutionaries,
17 others find a certain fulfillment in
18 banks and shops, taking
19 in gang warfare or even beating up harmless individuals whom, for some reason or
20 , they happen to take a dislike to.
1. A) run B) gone C) set D) carried
2. A) in B) for C) into D) on
3. A) with B)that C) why D) how
4. A) possibly B) so C) though D) improbably
5. A) by B) in C) into D) with
6. A) makes B) takes C) thinks D) recognizes
7. A) in B) with C) on D) got in
8. A) toward B) about C) to D) by
9. A) Other B) some C) Another D) One another
10. A) Beside B) In addition C) But for D) Besides
11. A) when B) how C) where D) whether
12. A) considers B) regards C) takes D) holds
13. A) would be B) might be C) are D) is
14. A) whose B) their C) of which D) with which
15. A) contemporary B) ancient C) historic D) historical
16. A) on B) in C) at D) about
17. A) when B) consequently C) therefore D) while
18. A) dropping B) breaking C) robbing D) fighting
19. A) interest B) pride C) place D) part
20. A) else B) another C) other D) others
Unit 7
Niagara is an Indian word which means “roaring water”. Indeed, the roar of falling water of Niagara can be heard
1 a distance of 25 kilometers. Imagine
2 of water flowing over a cliff 90 feet high and you will get an idea of that terrible noise. And
3 tremendous power the Niagara River has! It moves big rocks about and throws them into the boiling water below.
4 ago an old ship without a single person on board was put in mid-stream. It sailed down the river
5 a toy boat with great speed. Having reached the fall, the ship dropped into the boiling water, never
6 again. There were some people who wanted to become famous
7 swimming across the most dangerous part of the Niagara River. One of them was Captain Webb.
8 that he would try to swim across the Niagara drew crowds of people. On the evening of July 21st, 1893, Captain Webb came up to the river and
9 a plunge. His having jumped into the water
10 many people with horror. Soon, he appeared in the middle of the river. A loud shout went up from the crowd, but a moment later there was
11 silence. The man had disappeared under the water. Thousands of eyes
12 on the river, but the man was drowned. In 1902, a certain Miss Taylor decided to go over the falls in a barrel. There were different kinds of pillows inside the barrel to prevent her
13 . Having examined the barrel carefully, Miss Taylor got in. The barrel was closed and then
14 into the water. Having reached the falls, it overturned and was shot down by the terrible
15 of the water. When the barrel was finally caught and opened, Miss Taylor came out alive
16 with a frightened look in her eyes. Once a crowd of visitors saw a rope
17 over them from one bank of the river to the other. Then they saw a man
18 the rope. The man was an actor, Blondin
19 . He managed to cross Niagara Falls on a tight rope. The people on the bank were surprised at his
20 it so well.
1. A) within B) inside C) at D) on
2. A) Much B) a great number C) mass D) a mass
3. A) how much B) what C) so D) how
4. A) Sometimes B) Many times C) Much time D) Some time
5. A) as B) as if C) like D) likely
6. A) to appear B) appearing C) appeared D) appear
7. A) for B) by C) through D) from
8. A) He said B) His having said C) He says D) He had said
9. A) gave B) made C) did D) took
10. A) filling B) full C) filled D) was filled
11. A) dead B) dying C) died D) death
12. A) being stopped B) were fixing C) were fixed D) fixed
13. A) being hurt B) having hurt C) hurting D) hurt
14. A) being thrown B) throwing C) thrown D) threw
15. A) power B) strength C) force D) capacity
16. A) therefore B) however C) so D) but
17. A) being put B) put C) having put D) putting
18. A) step across B) step out onto C) step along D) step on
19. A) under the name of B) with the name of C) by name D) to the name of
20. A) done B) having done C) having been done D) being done
Unit 8
Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, bicycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some
1 — football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering. Those who have a passion for
2 high and difficult mountains are often
3 with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to
4 cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused,
5 , by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to
6 men give their leisure. Mountaineering is a sport and
7 a game. There are no man-made rules
8 there are for such games as golf and football. There are, 9 , rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to
10 but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering
11 to many people. Those who climb mountains are
12 to use their own methods. If we compare mountaineering and other more
13 sports, we might think that one big difference is that
14 is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken
15 this. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “team” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face
16 by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is
17 teamwork. The mountain climber knows that he may
18 fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of
19 . His sport requires high mental and physical
1. A) part B) sorts C) sport D) kind
2. A) climbing B) rising C) going D) enjoying
3. A) dealt B) looked upon C) coped D) disgusted
4. A) catch B) diverse C) suffer D) overcome
5. A) probably B) precisely C) logically D) strongly
6. A) that B) how C) which D) why
7. A) but B) not C) also D) is
8. A) as B) such as C) i.e. D) possibly
9. A) for example B) perhaps C) then D) of course
10. A) behave B) imply C) ignore D) list
11. A) luxurious B) painful C) attractive D) noticeable
12. A) occasional B) free C) accustomed D) popular
13. A) familiar B) similar C) regular D) thirty
14. A) sport B) astonishment C) rule D) mountaineering
15. A) by B) in C) from D) against
16. A) admitted B) tracked C) vanished D) linked
17. A) obviously B) basically C) already D) conversely
18. A) would B) have to C) due to D) be to
19. A) mountain B) wind C) nature D) snow
20. A) limitation B) division C) goodness D) qualities
Unit 9 If you stand a short distance away from a high wall and shout, your voice sometimes comes back to you as an echo. This happens because the
1 waves are reflected
2 the wall. This is the principle of radar,
3 instead of sound it is radio waves which are reflected. This
4 was made a few years before the last war,
5 radio waves from a transmitting station
6 reflected back from a distant aeroplane. It was realized
7 an apparatus could be devised to send out radio waves
8 and record the
9 from any approaching aeroplanes, it would be a wonderful method of defense
10 war. Scientists
11 solving the problem and radar was
12 . An apparatus was made which sent out waves in pulses, and the presence of a distant aeroplane was shown on the screen of a cathode(阴极) ray tube, (this is
13 we have in a television set).
14 this way radar stations could detect the approach of enemy aircraft. After the war radar was put to peaceful uses. It is now installed at airports to
15 aeroplanes down safely in fog. It is fitted to ships so that they are warned
16 obstructions ahead,
17 icebergs. It guides ships into port. It provides aeroplanes and ships
18 a magic eye, with
19 they can see
20 into the distance, in the dark or in fog.
1. A) voice B) sound C) shout D) echo
2. A) off B) on C) in D) against
3. A) so B) on C) but D) as
4. A) found B) discover C) knowledge D) discovery
5. A) when B) as C) until D) before
6. A) was B) were C) is D) are
7. A) if that B) if when C) that if D) when if
8. A) all time B) every time C) any time D) all the time
9. A) echoes B) voices C) sounds D) waves
10. A) on B) in C) at D) off
11. A) set off B) set aside C) set up D) set about
12. A) found B) seen C) made D) invented
13. A) what B) that C) which D) that
14. A) On B) Upon C) In D) Along
15. A) tell B) guide C) make D) warn
16. A) from B) of C) to D) in
17. A) so on B) so that C) such as D) as if
18. A) with B) of C) for D) in
19. A) which B) that C) this D) what
20. A) away B) along C) off D) far
Unit 10 Nature has a perfect system for recycling water. Water is used again and again. It falls as rain.
1 it goes to one of three places. It might seep slowly through the soil
2 it soaks through into the natural reservoirs
3 . It might disappear into the air by
4 quickly. It might
5 into streams to rivers and to the oceans. There is a problem
6 this recycling system. It is a balance that can be easily
7 by people. Nature’s recycling system can work well
8 people work with the system—not
9 it. Some ways that people
10 with nature are easy
11 . Dirty sewage water from homes and factories must not
12 with drinking water. People would get sick from drinking dirty water.
13 other ways that people hinder nature. Some of these ways are not so easy to understand.
14 , a marshy bog(沼泽) may not be good for everything, but it
15 an important purpose. The soft, wet soil of a bog
16 water to reach the underground reservoirs. What happens to the balance of nature if the bog is filled in? Many housing development projects have been built
17 marshes once were. The
18 of the houses are likely to have problems. They are likely to
19 water, to flood in
20 seasons. Huge storm sewers are built to carry away with the water from wet areas. These huge pipes prevent wet basements in the houses of the community.
1. A) Therefore B) Then C) Consequently D) Nevertheless
2. A) because B) if C) after D) as
3. A) in underground B) below underground C) underground D) undergroundly
4. A) evaporating B) being evaporating C) having been evaporated D)being evaporated
5. A) run down B) run away C) run off D) run through
6. A) of B) with C) through D) from
7. A) upset B) created C) discovered D) invented
8. A) only before B) unless C) although D) only if
9. A) by B) for C) over D) against
10. A) accord B) concern C) interfere D) interrupt
11. A) to be understood B) understanding C) to understand D)being understood
12. A) separate B) clean C) mix D) filter
13. A) There are B) They are C) These are D) Those are
14. A) To start with B) To name just a few C) For example D) In contrast
15. A) produces B) serves C) maintains D) keeps
16. A) forbids B) discourages C) prevents D) allows
17. A) there B) where C) which D) what
18. A) basis B) base C) basic D) basements
19. A) come up with B) fill up with C) disagree with D) finish with
20. A) dry B) snowy C) rainy D) misty
Answer Key to Simulated Units Unit 1 1. DCBAB 6. CDACD 11. ACBCD 16. ABCDA Unit 2 1. BCDAB 6. BDCCC 11. ADCBB 16. CABBD Unit 3 1. BCCDD 6. AABAC 11. DBCAC 16. DCCDA Unit 4 1. BCABD 6. ACBDA 11. CDBAC 16. BADDB Unit 5 1. DBCBD 6. AADCB 11. ADCDC 16. BCABA Unit 6 1. DCBAB 6. BCCCD 11. BBCAA 16. ADCDC Unit 7 1. ADBDC 6. ABBDC 11. ACACC 16. DABCB Unit 8 1. DABCA 6. CBADC 11. CBADB 16. DABCD Unit 9 1. BACDA 6. BCDAB 11. DDACB 16. BCAAD Unit 10 1. BDCAC 6. BADDC 11. CCACB 16. DBDBC
