lesson34
New words
●antique n. 古玩
●fascination n. 魅力，迷惑力
●forbidding adj. 望而生畏的，望而却步的
●muster v. 鼓起
●pretentious adj. 自命不凡的，矫饰的
●labyrinth n. 迷宫
●musty adj. 陈腐的，发霉的
●rarity n. 稀世珍品
●assorted adj. 各式各样的
●junk n. 破料货，废品
●litter v. 杂乱地布满
●dedicated adj. 专心致志的
●bargain hunter 到处找便宜货买的人
●dealer v. 商人
●cherish v. 期望，渴望
●amply adv. 足够地
●masterpiece n. 杰作
●mere adj. 仅仅的
●prise v. 撬开
●carve v. 镌刻
●dagger n. 短剑，匕首
●miniature adj. 小巧的，小型的
●Composition n. 构图
重点词汇
1. fascination n. 魅力，迷惑力
介词搭配
Cats have unfailing fascination for most people
Chinese Art has great fascination for me
have fascination for sb.
形变
fascinate: attract or interest very strongly
Cats never fail to fascinate human being.
English never fail to fascinate students.
fascinated by / with sth.
He is fascinated with chess.
The students were fascinated by his idea.
联想记忆
charm
The beautiful picture charms me.
I am charmed by the beautiful picture.
captivate
His idea captivated me.
enchant 使...迷惑
She was enchanted by the flower you sent her.
fascinate, charm, captivate, enchant 后直接加ing, 变成形容词
fascinating, charming, captivating, enchanting 表示‘有吸引力的’
She is a charming girl.
Cats are fascinating animals.
The flowers are enchanting.
winning 吸引人的（主要指物品）
Eg: The beautiful dresses is winning.
2. forbidding adj. 望而生畏的，望而却步的
英释
having a unfriendly or danger look
He has got a forbidding appearance.
We’d better not visit the forbidding coast.
搭配
forbid sb to do sth 禁止做某事
Eg: The father forbid his children to touch the clavichord.
forbid doing sth 禁止做……事
Smoking is forbidden here.
联想记忆
forbid, prohibit, interdict
forbid: 政府或私人下令以禁止
Swimming is forbidden here.
prohibit 法律条文或官方明令禁止
The law prohibits young people under 18 from going to bar.
interdict 法律或教会所不允许
3. muster v. 鼓起
联想记忆
collect, summon
muster up / collect up / summon up ==gather / pluck up / keep up
He mustered up his courage and walked up to the girl.
4。pretentious adj. 自命不凡的，矫饰的
句子
We won’t like to visit the pretentious shop.
联想记忆
pretension n. 要求，虚荣，虚荣心
5。 assorted adj. 各式各样的
联想记忆
assorted/ different / various / diverse
different 强调此事物与彼事物完全不同
Eg: The word glare is different from that word slare.
various = all kinds of 强调种类数目不同
Eg: We have got various books.
in every part / all parts / various parts of the world
diverse 强调性质不同
We have got diverse opinion.
assorted : various types mixed together. 各种各样的
assorted chocolates
He bought a bag of assorted fruits.
6。junk n. 破料货，废品
表示“垃圾”的词汇： rubbish / garbage / trash / junk
7。 dealer v. 商人
businessman / trader / merchant / tradesman
dealer "商人"侧重于零售，相当于tradesman.
peddler 小贩
8 cherish v. 期望，渴望
英释
entertain or keep hope, love etc. in mind deeply
句子
Eg: She cherishes the hope that her son will return.
Don't cherish such illusion
don't cherish such illusion that…… 别抱有……的幻想
Eg: Don't cherish the illusion that your father will always pay your debts.
9 amply adv. 足够地
联想记忆
ample/enough / sufficient / adequate
enough : 数量，程度足够 (可放在名词前或后)
ample : 充足而有余的
sufficent 比enough 正式，且只能放在名词前面
The bread is just enough for one meal.
He is old enough to go to the party.
We have sufficient food to last one week.
We have enough food / food enough to last one week.
sufficiently 只放在被修饰词前
old enough / sufficiently old
adequate 数量和质量上的满足
The performance is adequate.
Don’t be worried. They have gotten ample time.
ample / adequate / sufficient / enough
Whatever you do, you must put your heart into it. And then, someday you will be rewarded amply.
练习：
选词填空，必要时，做些改变
impress exert a fascination attractive
influence exert (an) influence
a. Your offer is very _______. I’m quite _______ with it.
b. Stamp collecting ______ on many people , young and old.
c. His novel ______ several generations of writers.
d. In his modern age, no one can avoid being ______ by advertisements.
e. Effective advertising ______ a subtle yet powerful ______ on everyone , particularly women and children.
参考答案
a. attractive impressed
b. exerts a fascination
c. influenced
d. influenced
e. exert influence
Lesson35
New words
●justice n. 正义，公正；司法
●coust n. 法院
●law n. 法律
●innocence n. 无辜
●undertake v. 承担，着手做
●arduous adj. 艰苦的，艰难的
●abstract adj. 抽象的
●concept n. 概念，观念
●mete out 给予，处置
●interference n. 干涉
●accord n. 一致
●premises n. 房屋
●convert v. 转变，改变
●disused adj. 不再用的，废弃的
●fireplace n. 壁炉
●muffle v. 捂住，厌抑
●chip v. 砍，削，凿
●bkacken v. 不变黑
●emerge v. （从某处）出现
重点词汇
1. justice n. 正义，公正；司法
句子
Justice is done 正义得到伸张
bring justice to the criminal 把罪犯缉拿归案
do justice to sb 公正地对待某人
give oneself up to justice 自首
in justice to sth/ sb. 为了对……公正起见
Eg: They decided to investigate the case in justice to person.为了对这件案件公正起见，他们决定调查这个案件
2. law n. 法律
句子
take law into one's own hand 无法无天
take the law of sb 控告
at law 在诉讼中
within the law 合法
outside the law 不合法
联想记忆
lawyer 律师
lawful 有法可依的
laefully adv.
lawless 无法可依的
lawlessly adv.
3. innocence n. 无辜
句子
He was innocent of the murder.
Don’t be innocent as to believe everything he tells you.
as innocent as a new-born baby
4。undertake v. 承担，着手做
英释 take up
词句
undertake to do 承担，开始做
undertake an arduous task
I want you to undertake all the arrangements.
He undertook be here before midday.
联想记忆
开始做…………
start to do sth
take off doing sth
be engaged in sth
set out to do
set about doing
perform sth.
... on the way 在进行中
The discuss on the way.
5。arduous adj. 艰苦的，艰难的
词句
Study English is an arduous job.
Life is an arduous journey; so we should learn to cherish life. 生命是趟苦难之旅，所以我们要学会珍惜生活。
联想记忆
laborious adj.艰苦的，费力的
a laborious task
tough adj.困难的
a tough journey
assiduous adj.勤勉的，刻苦的
He is assiduous in his duties.
构词 -ous adj.
industrious,
laborious,
strenuous
6。concept n. 概念，观念
词句
the concept of freedom
a high ethical concept
It is difficult for a small boy to have the concept of right and wrong.
联想记忆
conception n.构想，设想，主义，计划，怀孕
from a clear conception of …… 对……形成一个清晰的概念
have no conception of …… 对……完全不懂，不知道
a false conception错误观念
7。 mete out 给予，处置
mete out rewards or punishment 实施奖与惩
8 interference n. 干涉
联想记忆
interfere v.妨碍，干扰
Don’t interfere in my affaires!
9 accord n. 一致
词句
in accord with 和……一致
out of accord with 和……不一致
of one's own accord 自然而然的
Justice is down of it’s own accord.
联想记忆
according to: 依据，根据
in accordance with 依据(法律，规章，制度),比较正式
10. premises n. 房屋
联想记忆
residence 住处，居留地（正式用法）
dwelling 供人居住的地方
house 住房
housing 房（总称）
11. muffle v. 捂住，厌抑
词句
the falling snow muffled the noise of the traffic.
muffle a screaming mouth
a muffled voice
练习：
1．All of us want to see justice _____ him.
A ) made b) brought c)given d) done
2 The description of what happens in learning process is sometimes too ______.
a) complex to understand
b) difficult to be understand
c) complicated to understand
d) complicated enough to understand
3 At half past one the downpour _______.
a)paused b)halted c)ceased d) cemented
4 They fought back heroically to _____ the enemy attack.
a) insist b)persist c)assist d）resist
5 选词填空：confess admit claim
Suffering from a guilty conscience, the woman ______ her sins to the priest.
As soon as the thief was rescued from the chimney, he _____- that he had tried to break into the house.
So far ,no one has ______ responsibility for the attack.
On his deathbed ,the old man wanted to ____ all his sins.
参考答案
1．All of us want to see justice _____ him.
A ) made b) brought c)given d) done
key: D
do justice to sb 或者do sb justice 公平对待某人
bring sb. to justice
2 The description of what happens in learning process is sometimes too ______.
a) complex to understand
b) difficult to be understand
c) complicated to understand
d) complicated enough to understand
选C
complex有许多简单部分合成的复杂，通常指结构机构的复杂
complicated 许多部分相互纠合，错综复杂，也指难懂，难解的意思。
3 At half past one the downpour _______.
a)paused b)halted c)ceased d) cemented
选c
cease 指某种状态停止或者不再存在，也指行为缓慢的逐渐停止。
pause 一般指暂停某种动作，后来又继续进行；
halt 常常指进行中的止步和完全终止
cement指黏结，胶结
4 They fought back heroically to _____ the enemy attack.
a) insist b)persist c)assist d）resist
insist 坚持
persist 坚持不懈
resist 抵抗
assist帮助
选ｄ
5 选词填空：confess admit claim
Suffering from a guilty conscience, the woman ______ her sins to the priest.
As soon as the thief was rescued from the chimney, he _____- that he had tried to break into the house.
So far ,no one has ______ responsibility for the attack.
On his deathbed ,the old man wanted to ____ all his sins.
Key: confessed admitted claimed confess
confess v. 承认, 坦白, 忏悔
admit v容许, 承认, 接纳
claim n./vt 要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得到的东西
Lesson36
New words
●credulous adj. 轻信的
●improbable adj. 不大可能的
●obscure adj. 不起眼的
●maidservant n. 女仆，女佣
●presume v. 假定
●wickedly adv. 心眼坏地，居心叵测地
●plot v. 密谋
●downfall n. 倒台，垮台
●naive adj. 天真的
●unacceptable adj. 不能接受的
●conspire v. （事件）巧合促成
●incredible adj. 难以置信的
●resemblance n. 相似
●scorn n. 嘲弄，挖苦
●acquaint v. 使了解
●reunite v. 使团聚
●assume v. 假定，认为
重点词汇
■credulous adj. 轻信的 (ready to believe things, 修饰人) 反：incredulous
credible: 可信的，可靠的 （修饰事物）反：incredible
Eg: The story he told us is credible.
联想：believable：强调以事实为根据 反：unbelievable
Eg: He demanded for believable explanation.
■obscure adj. 不起眼的（not known to the people）
Eg: The bus stopped at an obscure little town.
令人费解的，模糊的 （not easily or clearly seen or understood; indistinct）
Eg: His real motive for the crime remains obscure.
联想：vague 多用于比喻意，指不明确说明而造成的模糊不清
He was a little vague when I asked what had happened.
■presume v. 假定 (suppose sth. To be true; take sth. for granted)
■assume v. 假定，认为 (accept sth. as true before there is proof)
presume that
比较：
presume: 假定 (根据过去的经验和感觉作出决断)
assume : 武断的，把尚未证实的作为依据，与事实不相符合
suppose : 最普通的用词，猜想、陈述自己的看法
Eg: Let us assume that your words are fact.
I suppose that it was my fault.
Mr. White, I presume?
■wickedly adv. 心眼坏地，居心叵测地，邪恶地 (in a wicked evil manner)
Eg: The knife gleamed wickedly in the moonlight.
联想：wreck 沉船 wretched 悲惨的
eg. The captain of the Elkor ordered his men to salvage as much as possible from the wreck. (NCE3 lesson 32)
The other side of the picture is quite the opposite. Life on a desert island is wretched. (NCE3 lesson 12)
■plot v. 密谋 (to plan together secretly)
The criminals were plotting to rob the bank.
比较：
conspire: 众多人合谋做重大的犯法勾当，犹指反叛，不用于修饰单个人
scheme: 某人暗中设计狡诈的手段来谋求自己的私利
The man is scheming for power.
They conspire to overthrow the government.
■conspire v. （事件）巧合促成(to act together; to combine)
The weather and car trouble conspire to spoil our vacation.
■resemblance n. 相似(likely or similarity)
常用结构：bear a strong resemblance to sb. or sth.
The girl bears a strong resemblance to her sister.
such a resemblance：太象了
比较：
likeness: 最普通的用语，比resemblance意味要强
resemble: 特别是指外观或外在性质的相似
similarity: 性质、特色、程度的相似 similar to sth. or sb.
The two events which happened at the same time have got similarity.
They have got close likeness.
■scorn n. 嘲弄，挖苦(strong contempt)
常用短语：pour scorn on，pour contempt on，pour ridicule on 对……嘲弄，挖苦，斥之以鼻
Eg: He poured scorn on his wife’s suggestion.
表示藐视、瞧不起，还可用：look down upon / think scorn of
比较：
contempt: 蔑视，强烈谴责某人或某事低贱、卑鄙，语气较强
despise: 语气较弱，表示嘲弄
Eg: His suggestion was dismissed with scorn / contempt.
His face showed the scorn he felt.
We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars. (NCE3 lesson 27)
I despised the frigid weather in January.
■acquaint v. 使了解(to have knowledge of)
常用短语：
be acquainted with sth. 对……有所了解
acquaint sb. with sth. / acquaint sb. of sth. 告之某人某事
make a person acquainted with sb. 介绍某人同另一个人认识
Let me make ... acquainted with you (正式用法)
acquaintance n. 熟人
Vocabulary exercise:
Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. I happily the fact that I am wrong on this occasion.
a. except b. agree c. assume d. accept
2. Whatever that strange old woman who lived in your village?
a. occurred b. became of c. lived d. happened
3. I was fully with all the facts of the murder case.
a. related b. presumed c. acquainted d. converted
4. The events in many science fiction films are improbable.
a. wildly b. fully c. closely d. sharply
5. The terms of the contract were unacceptable.
a. fully b. amply c. totally d. intensely
6. There’s a very resemblance between you and Bill.
a. close b. naive c. straight d. obscure
7. The man’s story was so that no one believed it.
a. credible b. incredible c. credulous d. incredulous
8. Many important changes in society have been by necessity.
a. brought to b. brought up c. brought round d. brought about
参考答案
1d
2b
3c
4a
5c
6a
7b
8d
Lesson 37
New words
●express n. 快车；adj. 高速的
●punctual adj. 准时的;
●condition v. 使习惯于
●unshakable adj. 不可动摇的
●faith n. 信任
●cancel v. 取消
●exceptionally adv. 例外地
●dislocate v. 打乱（计划等）
●blame v. 责怪
●consult v. 请教，查阅
●direct adv. 径直地
●odd adj. 奇怪的，异常的
●reflect v. 细想
●advantage n. 优势
●mighty adj. 强大的，有力的
●dawdle v. 慢吞吞的动或做
●dawn v. 变得(为人所)明白
●chug v. 咔嚓咔嚓地响
●lodge v. 提出
●complaint n. 抱怨
●triumph n. 胜利
●asterisk n. 星号（*）
●conduct v. 引向，引导
重点词汇
■express n. 快车(fast train)；adj. 高速的(going, sent or delivered quickly)
expressway: 高速公路 (throughway)
express train快车 special express 特快
through express 直快 stopping/ local train 慢车
v. 表达(show or make known by words, looks, actions, etc)
Eg. I can’t express to you how grateful I am for your help.
■punctual adj. 准时的(arriving at the exact or agreed time)
常用结构：be punctual in doing sth. 在做……方面非常准时
be punctual to the minute 非常准时
Eg: In the modern society we must be punctual in what we are doing.
He is a man who’s punctual to the minute.
词性及相关：punctually adv. punctuality n. unpunctual ant.
■condition v. 使习惯于(form a habit in)
Eg: This society has conditioned each of us. 这个社会已经使我们大家都适应了。
常用结构：be conditioned to 习惯了……
Eg: Each of us has been conditioned to the society.
The plants have been conditioned to the cold weather here. (plant作主语，被动语态)
The cold weather has conditioned the plants here. (cold weather 作主语，主动语态)
n. 条件，情况，状态(thing needed to make sth else possible; particular state of existence)
常用结构：on condition that 只有，假如
on no condition 绝不，用在句首句子要倒装
Eg: You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.
On no condition must you be late.
in good/ bad condition 情况良好/情况糟糕
change one's condition 结婚
in the interesting condition : 怀孕(pregnant)
■unshakable adj. 不可动摇的( firm (in believe) ，亦可拼作unshakeable)
an unshakeable faith 不可动摇的信念
■faith n. 信任，信仰，信心(trust; strong belief; unquestioning confidence)
常用结构：keep faith with sb. 对……守信用
put one's faith in sth 对……有信心
on the faith of 在……的保障下，凭……的信用
Eg: We must keep faith with our friends.
Do you put your faith in your English study?
联想：faith 深信不疑，信仰，比belief 程度重一些
belief 可信赖，可接受
conviction 坚定的信念
trust 相信，依赖
credit 对……完全相信
Eg: I have not much belief in his honesty.
Do you always act in accordance with your convictions?
Recent developments lend credit to previous reports.
A good marriage is based on trust.
■cancel v. 取消(to give up or call off)
联想：
abolish 废除 The law was abolished.
rescind 撤销，废止(比abolish正式) rescind an agreement, order, act, etc.
write off 注销，勾销 write off a debt 注销一笔债款
cross out/off 划掉 We can cross his name off, as he is not coming.
■consult v. 请教，查阅( to go to (a book, etc.) for information )
词形联想: console 安慰
Eg: The doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. (NCE3 lesson 29)
■direct adv. 直接地，一直(without interrupting a journey; using a straight route)
Eg: The train goes there direct.
比较：
direct: 从一个地方直接到另一个地方，从工厂直接供给等，表示实际距离。
directly: 不用于实际距离，着重对其他事物的直接性。She is directly responsible to the minister.
v. 指点，指引(tell or show sb how to get somewhere)
Eg: Can you direct me to the station?
v. 管理，指导(manage; turn or aim sth in a particular direction)
Eg: She directed the planning of the festival.
■reflect v. 细想(to consider carefully)
常用：reflect on sth 细想…… She is reflecting on his idea.
reflect upon oneself 自我反省 Sometimes we need reflect upon ourselves.
反映出……的影象(make a visible image of sth/sb)
Eg: He looked his face reflected in the mirror.
■advantage n. 优势，有利条件(condition or circumstance that gives one superiority or success)
常用短语：take advantage of sb/sth 欺骗……并利用
of great/no advantage to sb/sth 对……有（没有）好处
to advantage 更有效地
To one’s advantage: to the advantage of sb, 对某人有利
have advantage over sb 胜过某人，比某人有优势
Eg: She took advantage of my generosity.
Smoking is of no advantage to you.
You should use the money to advantage.
The agreement works to our advantage.
比较：
interest 个人的利益，好处
benefit 通过正当手段谋求的好处
profit 金钱上的获益
good 个人或集体的利益
■mighty adj. 强大的，有力的(powerful, strong, forceful)
He was a mighty warrior.
■lodge v. 提出(to make a statement, 可以替换make，但比make正式)
make/ lodge complaint 提出抱怨
Eg: lodge a complaint with the police against one’s neighbors 向当局控告邻居
v. 临时留宿，使住宿(provide sb with a place to sleep or live in for a time)
Eg: Sufferers in Jiangxi earthquake are being lodged in the tabernacles which the government provides.
此外，lodge作为名词还可表示：小屋、旅馆、集会处等
Vocabulary exercise:
Choose one of the words or phrases which best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase.
1. Do not blame me if something goes wrong.
a. disapprove b. consult c. conduct d. criticize
2. People used to have an unshakable faith in their family doctor.
a. an exceptional b. a firm c. a naive d. an improbable
3. The old man lodged an official complaint about his neighbors’ behavior.
a. did b. put c. made d. set up
4. It was an exceptionally hot day for the time of year.
a. a totally b. an unusually c. a fully d. an absolutely
5. He is never punctual for any appointments, so you can expect to have to wait.
a. temporary b. timely c. on time d. first
6. ‘Come on, boys,’ the teacher said to those at the back of the line. ‘Stop dawdling!’
a. walking so slowly b. chugging c. hitting each other d. chatting
参考答案
1d
2b
3c
4b
5c
6a
